高速铁路钢轨波磨对车辆和扣件动态响应的影响  

Influence of Rail Corrugation on Dynamic Response of Vehicles and Fasteners of High Speed Railway

作　　者：张金 安博伦 梁雪江 管曙刚 李英奇 杜吉康 李晨光 ZHANG Jin;AN Bolun;LIANG Xuejiang;GUAN Shugang;LI Yingqi;DU Jikang;LI Chenguang(Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,CARS,Beijing 100081,China;Track Maintenance Department,China Railway Beijing Group Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100038,China;Track Maintenance Department,China Railway Shanghai Group Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁路北京局集团有限公司工务部,北京100038 [3]中国铁路上海局集团有限公司工务部,上海200071

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2025年第3期1-6,共6页Railway Engineering

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(K2024G009);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金(2024YJ014)。

摘　　要：本文调研了高速铁路钢轨波磨引发扣件弹条断裂的典型危害,归纳总结了高速铁路钢轨波磨特征。通过建立车辆-无砟轨道刚柔耦合动力学模型,研究了高速铁路钢轨波磨对车辆和扣件动态响应的影响,并分析了扣件弹条断裂的原因。结果表明:随着波深的增大,轮轨垂向力和轮重减载率均呈现出明显增大的变化趋势;不同速度、波长及波深工况下,钢轨波磨引起的车辆动态响应的峰值均主要集中出现在频率800 Hz左右,该频率与W1型弹条固有频率较为接近,容易产生共振诱发扣件弹条断裂;在速度400 km/h、波长140 mm及波深0.08 mm条件下,钢轨波磨引起的扣件动态响应会出现多个谐波峰值,对应的频率基本均为795 Hz及其倍数,与W1型弹条固有频率十分接近,产生共振引发扣件弹条断裂,从而缩短扣件弹条的疲劳寿命。This article investigated the typical hazards of fastener elastic bar breakage caused by high speed railway rail corrugation,and summarized the characteristics of high speed railway rail corrugation.By establishing a vehicleballastless track rigid flexible coupling dynamic model,the influence of high speed railway rail corrugation on the dynamic response of vehicles and fasteners was studied,and the reasons for fastener elastic bar fracture were analyzed.The results show that with the increase of wave depth,the wheel-rail vertical force and the wheel load reduction rate both show a significant increasing trend.Under different speeds,wavelengths,and wave depths,the peak of vehicle dynamic response caused by rail corrugation mainly occurs at a frequency of about 800 Hz,which is closed to the natural frequency of W1 type elastic bars and is prone to generate resonance inducing fracture of fastener elastic bars.Under the conditions of a speed of 400 km/h,a wavelength of 140 mm,and a wave depth of 0.08 mm,the dynamic response of the fastener caused by rail corrugation will exhibit multiple harmonic peaks,which are corresponding to frequencies of 795 Hz and its multiples and very close to the natural frequency of the W1 type elastic bars.Resonance will occur,causing the fracture of the fastener elastic bars and shortening its fatigue life.

关 键 词：高速铁路 钢轨波磨 动态响应 仿真分析 扣件弹条断裂 弹条固有频率 共振 

分 类 号：U213.4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]