视觉皮层环路及其偶联的视网膜血管网在阿尔茨海默病的研究进展  

Research progresson of visual pathway and its associated retinal vessels in Alzheimer′s disease

作　　者：张原(综述) 柏峰(审校) Zhang Yuan;Bai Feng(Dept of Neurology,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School,Nanjing 210008)

机构地区：[1]南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院神经内科,南京210008

出　　处：《安徽医科大学学报》2025年第3期572-577,共6页Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:82371437)。

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种慢性进行性神经退行性疾病,由于目前尚无有效的治疗手段,早期诊断对于延缓病情进展至关重要。视网膜和大脑具有共同的胚胎学起源,且在解剖结构和脉管系统方面也有诸多相似之处。AD患者在疾病早期就可能出现视觉皮层环路及其相关视网膜变化引发的视觉症状,因此近年来,视网膜血管网络在神经退行性疾病的发病机制、早期诊断和精准干预中的作用备受关注。该文将综述AD患者在视觉皮层环路、视网膜血管网络等方面的变化及相关机制,探讨神经环路与视觉障碍的关联,并介绍视网膜领域的新型诊断方法。Alzheimer′s disease(AD)is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder.Since there are currently no effective treatment options,early diagnosis is crucial for slowing the progression of the disease.The retina and the brain share a common embryological origin and exhibit similarities in both anatomical structure and vascular system.In the early stages of AD,patients may develop visual symptoms due to changes in the visual cortex circuitry and associated retinal alterations.Therefore,in recent years,there has been growing interest in exploring the role of the retinal vascular network in the pathogenesis,early diagnosis,and precision intervention of neurodegenerative diseases.This review overviews the changes in the visual cortex circuitry and retinal vascular network in AD patients,their underlying mechanisms,the relationship between neural circuits and visual disorders,and introduces novel diagnostic methods in retinal research.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 神经环路 视觉皮层 视网膜血管 认知障碍 

分 类 号：R741.02[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]