广州市荔湾区6所幼儿园学龄前儿童乳牙龋现况调查  

Cross⁃sectional survey on deciduous dental caries among preschool children in 6 kindergartens in Liwan district of Guangzhou

作　　者：李耀文 徐紫丹 夏均宜 曾丽婷 张婉滢 张泽宇 朱冠雄 于丽娜 LI Yaowen;XU Zidan;XIA Junyi;ZENG Liting;ZHANG Wanying;ZHANG Zeyu;ZHU Guanxiong;YU Lina(School and Hospital of Stomatology,Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510182,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学口腔医学院附属口腔医院广东省口腔组织修复与重建工程技术研究中心,广东广州510182

出　　处：《广州医科大学学报》2025年第1期9-14,共6页Academic Journal of Guangzhou Medical University

基　　金：广州市教育局2024年高校科研项目(2024312218)。

摘　　要：目的:了解广州市荔湾区3~5岁儿童口腔健康状况,为广州市学龄前儿童乳牙龋综合干预工作提供参考。方法:采用整群抽样法对2021年9-10月广州市荔湾区6所幼儿园共2039名3~5岁儿童进行口腔健康检查。结果:广州市荔湾区6所幼儿园2039名儿童中,乳牙患龋率为47.5%(969/2039),龋均为2.13(4350/2039),龋补充填比为5.8%(251/4336)。3~5岁儿童患龋率和龋均性别差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),年龄组间差别有统计学意义(P<0.001)。龋病好发牙位为上颌乳前牙最多,下颌乳磨牙次之,下颌乳前牙最少(P<0.001)。结论:广州市荔湾区学龄前儿童患龋率有所降低,可能与开展儿童乳牙龋综合干预工作有关,但充填率仍较低,还需继续加强对儿童、家长、教师的口腔健康教育,采取个性化的防治措施,改善学龄前儿童的口腔健康状况。Objective:To understand the oral health status in children aged 3 to 5 years old in Liwan District of Guangzhou and to provide reference for comprehensive intervention of deciduous dental caries in preschool children in the city.Methods:From September to October 2021,a total of 2039 children aged 3 to 5 years old from 6 kindergartens in Liwan District of Guangzhou were examined for oral health by cluster sampling.Results:Among 2039 children,the prevalence of deciduous dental caries was 47.5%(969/2039),and the mean dmft score was 2.13(4350/2039).The caries filling ratio was 5.8%(251/4336).There was no statistically significant difference in caries prevalence and dmft among children aged 3-5 years old,but there was significant difference among different age groups(P<0.001).The most common dental caries was maxillary deciduous anterior teeth,followed by mandibular deciduous molars,and mandibular deciduous anterior teeth were the least(P<0.001).Conclusions:The prevalence of dental caries in preschool children in Liwan District of Guangzhou has decreased.It may be related to the comprehensive intervention of children′s deciduous dental caries.However,the filling rate is still low.It is necessary to continue to strengthen oral health education for children,parents and teachers,and take individualized preventive measures to improve the oral health status of preschool children.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 龋病 口腔流行病学 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R788.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]