理查德·霍夫施塔特的美国政治文化史研究  

Richard Hofstadter and the Studies of Political Culture in American History

作　　者：李剑鸣[1] Li Jianming

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系暨全球史研究院

出　　处：《世界历史评论》2025年第1期3-32,292,共31页The World History Review

摘　　要：理查德·霍夫施塔特身处美国史学大转型的时代,其学术活动极大地推动了美国政治文化史研究的兴起。自20世纪40年代末起,他便不断思考政治的内涵和政治史研究的新路径,强调政治不仅是利益竞争的场所,而且也是观念和象征性行动的舞台,于是开始尝试运用社会心理学和文学批评的理论与方法,探究特定时期和人群的信念、情绪及态度与政治行动的关系,由此造就了美国政治文化史研究的早期范式。尽管他在理念、方法和研究方式等方面存在种种局限与不足,具体的研究成果也为后来的学者所质疑和超越,但他对于政治文化史研究的开拓性贡献,仍在美国史学史上留下了深刻的印记。Richard Hofstadter witnessed an era of profound transformation in American historiography.His scholarly endeavors significantly contributed to the emergence of the studies of political culture in American history.Beginning in the late 1940s,he persistently explored the essence of politics and new approaches to political history,emphasizing that politics was not merely an arena for competing interests but also a stage for ideas and symbolic actions.Drawing on theories and methodologies from social psychology and literary criticism,he sought to examine the relationship between the beliefs,emotions,attitudes of specific historical periods and groups,and their political actions.This effort established an early paradigm for the study of the history of American political culture.Although his conceptual frameworks,methodologies,and research practices exhibited limitations,and his specific findings have since been questioned and surpassed by later scholars,his pioneering contributions to the studies of political culture have left an enduring imprint on the landscape of American historiography.

关 键 词：美国政治文化 社会心理学 现实关怀 史学转型 

分 类 号：K712[历史地理—历史学]