多目标约束下葡萄牙波尔图100%低地板有轨电车动力学性能全局设计与综合评估  

Global design and comprehensive evaluation of 100%low-floor tram dynamic performance in Portugal under multi-objective constraints

作　　者：吴胜权 崔涛 WU Shengquan;CUI Tao(CRRC Tangshan Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan,Hebei 063035,China)

机构地区：[1]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司,河北唐山063035

出　　处：《机车电传动》2025年第1期14-24,共11页Electric Drive for Locomotives

摘　　要：有轨电车作为城市绿色交通的重要组成部分,正朝着多样化、个性化的方向发展,同时也面临着运用环境复杂、多目标需求及其相互矛盾等因素的制约。文章针对出口葡萄牙波尔图100%低地板有轨电车在车辆限界、轮轨匹配和动力学性能等多样性需求,开展多环境多要素的全局均衡设计与综合评估研究,通过合理设计转向架悬挂系统和定位装置来优化限界设计,依据多线适应性等原则进行车轮廓形设计,结合转向架结构分析关键悬挂参数对动力学性能影响规律以开展动力学性能设计。采用数值仿真方法预测车辆限界、车辆动力学特性和车轮磨耗性能,在用户现场进行低速脱轨性能、车辆限界和动力学性能等试验评估,通过仿真与试验对比互验确保评估的严谨性,为模型修正和方案优化提供支撑。综合评估表明,有轨电车限界、轮轨匹配和动力学性能均良好,仿真与试验结果一致,为有轨电车设计和运行提供理论与实践依据。Trams are an important part of urban green transportation.However,the ongoing development of this vehicle type towards diversification and customization faces several constraints,including complex operating environments,multi-objective requirements,and conflicts among these requirements.This paper presents a globally balanced design and comprehensive evaluation considering multiple environments and elements for 100%low-floor trams intended for export to Porto,Portugal.These efforts focused on various requirements such as vehicle gauges,wheel-rail matching,and dynamic performance.The gauge design was optimized by rationally designing the bogie suspension system and positioning device.The wheel profile was designed according to principles such as multi-line adaptability.The influence pattern of key suspension parameters on the dynamic performance was analyzed based on the specific bogie structure,and the analysis results were used to inform the dynamic performance design.Subsequently,numerical simulations were conducted to predict vehicle gauges,dynamic properties,and wheel wear characteristics.Further tests and evaluations were conducted on various aspects including low-speed derailment prevention,vehicle gauges,and dynamic performance at the user's application site.A comparison and mutual verification of results from simulations and tests ensured the preciseness of the evaluation process,providing support for model modification and scheme optimization.This tram model is ultimately demonstrated to conform to the requirements for vehicle gauges,wheel-rail matching,and dynamic performance through comprehensive evaluation.The alignment between results from simulations and tests provides theoretical and practical bases for tram design and operation.

关 键 词：现代有轨电车 动力学 车辆限界 全局设计 综合评估 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程] U482.1[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]