第四次《刑事诉讼法》修改如何完善辩护制度  

How to Improve the Defense System in the Fourth Amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law

作　　者：韩旭[1,2] HAN Xu

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院 [2]中国刑事诉讼法学研究会

出　　处：《法治研究》2025年第2期54-69,共16页Research on Rule of Law

摘　　要：律师辩护权保障系新一轮司法改革的一项重要任务,刑诉法历次修改均涉及辩护问题,修改内容之广、条文之多,非其他制度所能比拟。辩护权行使状况关乎程序正义、实体正义和法治现代化的实现。关于辩护问题,第四次刑诉法修改应在以下14个方面进行:一是确立犯罪嫌疑人、被告人阅卷权;二是扩大委托辩护人的主体范围;三是赋予辩护律师侦查阶段有限的阅卷权;四是完善辩护律师调查取证权制度;五是明确同步录音录像资料的证据性质并赋予律师查阅、复制权利;六是引进并改良无效辩护制度;七是确立程序性制裁机制;八是重构阻碍律师辩护权的救济机制;九是确立侦查讯问时的律师在场权;十是扩大法律援助辩护适用的案件范围;十一是对“骑墙式辩护”进行规制;十二是注意刑诉法与相关法律的衔接协调问题;十三是修改和完善值班律师制度;十四是改变刑事法庭设置以便使被告人在庭审中能够获得辩护人帮助。The protection of lawyers'right to defense is an important task in the new round of judicial reform.Each amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law has addressed issues related to defense,with the breadth of modifications and the number of provisions far surpassing those of other systems.The exercise of the right to defense is crucial to the realization of procedural justice,substantive justice,and the modernization of the rule of law.Regarding defense issues,the fourth amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law should focus on the following 14 aspects:first,establishing the right of suspects and defendants to access case files;second,expanding the scope of entities eligible to appoint defense counsel;third,granting defense lawyers limited access to case files during the investigation stage;fourth,improving the system for defense lawyers'investigative and evidence-collection rights;fifth,clarifying the evidentiary nature of synchronized audio and video recordings and granting lawyers the right to access and copy them;sixth,introducing and refining the ineffective assistance of counsel system;seventh,establishing a procedural sanction mechanism;eighth,reconstructing the relief mechanism for obstructing lawyers'right to defense;ninth,establishing the right of lawyers to be present during investigative interrogations;tenth,expanding the scope of cases eligible for legal aid defense;eleventh,regulating'ambivalent defense';twelfth,addressing the coordination between the Criminal Procedure Law and related laws;thirteenth,revising and improving the duty lawyer system;fourteenth,modifying the setup of criminal courtrooms to ensure defendants receive assistance from defense counsel during trials.

关 键 词：刑事诉讼法 第四次修改 辩护制度 完善 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]