可参与的算法?算法行动的双重情境与抵抗悖论  

Participatory Algorithms:Dual Situations and Resistance Paradox of Algorithmic Actions

作　　者：蒋俏蕾 邢峰彬 Jiang Qiaolei;Xing Fengbin(School of Journalism and Communication,Tsinghua University)

机构地区：[1]清华大学新闻与传播学院,北京100084

出　　处：《新闻界》2025年第2期44-58,71,共16页

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“智能手机对未成年人身心健康发展的影响及其协同共治机制研究”(20BXW127);清新计算传播与智能媒体实验室研究支持计划(2024TSJCLAB001)。

摘　　要：从既往算法用户研究对“情境”关注不够的现状切入,本研究基于深度访谈和扎根理论廓清了青年用户对短视频推荐算法的两条“意识-行动”路径。研究发现,激发用户算法意识的负面体验情境分为功能层面的算法失能和机制层面的算法侵扰,算法失能时用户与之积极协同以维系推荐精准度,算法侵扰时用户因算法机制不可写而协同失败、转向消极内向的自我治理。两种情境化算法行动中用户的抵抗意愿和抵抗性的行动结果不可兼容,由此对算法抵抗这一过度强调用户能动性且将人机交互权力化书写的理论概念在人机共生处境下的泛用性提出了质疑。研究指出,应当探索构建“可参与的算法”,在与用户的日常协商中弹性修正侵扰性的算法机制,以促进更大范围、更深层次的人机协同,进而阐明算法人文社科研究的建设性面向,将批判研究的最终落点置于算法的现实修缮而非话语毁灭。Starting from the lack attention of“situation”perspective in previous research on algorithm users,this study clarifies two“awareness-action”paths of young users towards short-video recommendation algorithms based on in-depth interviews and the grounded theory approach.The study finds that the negative experience situations that stimulate users'algorithm awareness are divided into algorithmic dysfunction at the functional level and algorithmic disruption at the mechanism level.When there is algorithmic dysfunction,users actively collaborate with it to maintain recommendation accuracy.When there is algorithmic disruption,users fail to collaborate due to the unwritable algorithm mechanism and turn to relatively passive self-governance.In the two situational algorithm actions,users'resistance intentions and the action results of resistance are not compatible.It challenges the universality of the theoretical concept of algorithmic resistance,which overly emphasizes user agency and portrays human-computer interaction as powerful relationships,in the situation of human-computer symbiosis.The study indicates that“participatory algorithms”should be explored and constructed,so as to flexibly correct the intrusive algorithm mechanism in daily consultations with users to promote a wider range and deeper level of human-computer collaboration.Furthermore,it declares the constructive orientation of algorithm research in humanities and social sciences and places the final focus of critical research on the practical improvement of algorithms rather than destruction at the discursive level.

关 键 词：算法行动 算法意识 算法抵抗 短视频推荐算法 扎根理论 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]