青藏中-南部特提斯洋板块地层分布与演化  

Distribution and Evolution of the Tethyan OPS in the Central-Southern Qinghai-Xizang Region

作　　者：张克信[1,2,3] 宋博文[2,3] 何卫红[1,3] 骆满生 寇晓虎[2] 徐亚东[1,3] 王嘉轩[4] 王盛栋 王丽君 柯学 任飞 陈奋宁[8] 陈锐明 Zhang Kexin;Song Bowen;He Weihong;Luo Mansheng;Kou Xiaohu;Xu Yadong;Wang Jiaxuan;Wang Shengdong;Wang Lijun;Ke Xue;Ren Fei;Chen Fenning;Chen Ruiming(School of Earth Sciences,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Institute of Geological Survey,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China;School of Geography and Environment,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang 065000,China;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey,Chengdu 610218,China;Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)地球科学学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地质调查研究院,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)地质微生物与环境全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430078 [4]江西师范大学地理与环境学院,江西南昌330022 [5]中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,河北廊坊065000 [6]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [7]中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心,四川成都610082 [8]中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《地球科学》2025年第3期1162-1200,共39页Earth Science

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(No.DD20221645);国家自然科学基金项目(No.41772107).

摘　　要：青藏高原造山域经历了原特提斯、古特提斯和新特提斯洋的形成、分布与多期次洋-陆转化,是铜、金、铌、钽等多金属成矿有利区.在整个显生宙特提斯洋的形成-消亡演化历程中,形成了各演化阶段独特的洋板块地层(oceanic plate stratigraphy,简称OPS).重建青藏高原造山域各演化阶段各构造-地层区划单元的OPS序列,以及划分对比格架,是造山域多金属矿产勘查和重大工程建设的重要基柱.本文系统梳理分析了青藏高原各时代约130多个出露点的蛇绿混杂岩等洋壳残迹的物质组成、256个蛇绿岩等洋壳残块的测年数据,以及相伴的硅质岩放射虫化石,依据构造环境和时代分布,区划出3个OPS构造-地层大区和9个区,分别是巴颜喀拉-三江、龙木错-双湖-班公湖-怒江-昌宁-孟连和冈底斯-雅鲁藏布大区.巴颜喀拉-三江大区含西金乌兰、甘孜-理塘、金沙江和哀牢山4个区;龙木错-双湖-班公湖-怒江-昌宁-孟连大区含龙木错-双湖、班公湖-怒江和昌宁-孟连3个区;冈底斯-雅鲁藏布大区含狮泉河-嘉黎和雅鲁藏布2个区.按3大区和9区识别出对接带型和叠接带型两大类OPS和洋脊、洋岛-海山、洋内弧、远洋和海沟沉积建造5个OPS亚类.依据同位素测年、古生物化石序列划分与对比,构建了青藏高原造山域首个显生宙OPS地层格架和时空演化模式,并对青藏高原特提斯演化模式进行了讨论.The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau orogenic domain has experienced the formation,distribution,and multi-stage oceancontinent transformation of the Proto-Tethys,Paleo-Tethys,and Neo-Tethys oceans,making it a favorable area for polymetallic mineralization such as copper,gold,niobium,and tantalum.Throughout the Phanerozoic evolution of the Tethys Ocean,unique oceanic plate stratigraphy(referred to as OPS)was formed during each evolutionary stage.Reconstructing the OPS sequences of various tectono-stratigraphic units in different evolutionary stages of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau orogenic domain,as well as establishing a comparative framework,is an essential foundation for polymetallic mineral exploration and major engineering construction in the orogenic domain.This paper systematically reviews and analyzes the composition of ophiolitic mélange and other remnants of oceanic crust from over 130 exposure points in various geological periods of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,256 dating data of ophiolitic remnants,and accompanying siliceous rock radiolarian fossils.Based on the tectonic environment and temporal distribution,three OPS tectono-stratigraphic mega-regions and nine districts have been delineated,namely the Bayankala-Sanjiang,Longmu Co-Shuanghu-Bangong-Nujiang-Changning-Menglian,and Gangdise-Yarlung Zangbo mega-regions.The Bayankala-Sanjiang mega-region includes the Xijinwulan,Ganzi-Litang,Jinsha River,and Ailao Mountain districts;the Longmu Co-Shuanghu-Bangong-Nujiang-Changning-Menglian megaregion includes the Longmu Co-Shuanghu,Bangong-Nujiang,and Changning-Menglian districts;the Gangdise-Yarlung Zangbo mega-region includes the Shiquanhe-Jiali and Yarlung Zangbo districts.Based on the three mega-regions and nine districts,two major types of OPS,namely suture zone type and subordinate suture zone type,and five subcategories of OPS,including oceanic ridge,oceanic island-seamount,oceanic arc,forearc,and trench sedimentary construction,have been identified.Using isotopic dating,paleontological fossil sequence division and

关 键 词：OPS 时空分布 显生宙 特提斯演化 青藏 地层学 构造学 

分 类 号：P535[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]