海狸算法:一种自然启发的元启发式算法  

Beaver algorithm:A nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm

作　　者：廖想 周安琪 刘珂 郑梓煜 付波[1] 李超顺[2] LIAO Xiang;ZHOU An-qi;LIU Ke;ZHENG Zi-yu;FU Bo;LI Chao-shun(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China;School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学电气与电子工程学院,武汉430068 [2]华中科技大学土木与水利工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《控制与决策》2025年第3期1043-1049,共7页Control and Decision

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51809097);太阳能高效利用及储能运行控制湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(HBSEES202312);新能源及电网装备安全监测湖北省工程研究中心开放基金项目(HBSKF202125).

摘　　要：为了克服传统数值方法在处理复杂优化问题时的局限性,提高找到全局最优解的效率,提出一种名为海狸算法(BA)的新型元启发式算法,用于解决全局优化问题.首先,BA根据海狸在修建海狸坝时的伐木行为,将海狸分为质检狸、开发狸和采伐狸3种类型,以模拟其在伐木过程中的群体合作.其中:开发狸以随机方式搜索未知木材地,寻找新的木材资源;采伐狸则奔袭至质检狸处搜集木材,并在奔袭过程中寻找木材资源;而质检狸引领海狸群体朝着木材资源最丰富的方向前进.然后,将BA在CEC 2017测试函数上进行测试,并与其他7种算法进行比较,研究结果显示,BA在大部分函数中获得了最佳解,具有较强的优化能力.最后,将BA应用于拉伸/压缩弹簧设计、三杆桁架设计等两个具有挑战性的工程问题,并与其他两种算法进行比较,结果表明,BA在这些工程问题中均取得了最佳的优化结果,相较于其他两种算法表现更为出色.In order to overcome the limitations of traditional numerical methods in dealing with complex optimization problems and improve the efficiency of finding global optimal solutions,this paper proposes a new metaheuristic algorithm called Beaver algorithm(BA)to solve global optimization problems.According to the felling behaviour of Beavers during the construction of Beaver dams,the BA divides Beavers into three types:Inspection Beaver,development Beaver,and cutting Beaver,to simulate their group cooperation in the felling process.The development Beaver searches unknown timber land randomly to find new timber resources.The cutting Beaver rushes to the inspection Beaver to collect wood and is in the process of raiding to find wood resources.The inspection Beaver lead the whole Beaver towards the direction of the most abundant wood resources.The BA is tested on the CEC 2017 test function and compared with seven other algorithms.The results show that the BA obtains the best solution in most functions and has strong optimization ability.In addition,the BA is applied to two challenging engineering problems,such as tension/compression spring design and three-bar truss design,and is compared with the other two algorithms.The results show that the BA achieves the best optimization in engineering problems and performs better than the other two algorithms.

关 键 词：元启发式算法 海狸算法 群智能优化 全局优化 单目标 优化算法 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]