强化正义的时效性:刑事远程审判的程序规范立法  

Strengthening the Timeliness of Justice:The Legislation of Procedural Norms for Criminal Remote Trials

作　　者：崔永存 Cui Yongcun

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2025年第2期165-184,共20页Law and Social Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助暨优秀博士学位论文出版项目“刑事司法数字化研究”(23FYB030);国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目“刑事司法智能化研究”(GZC20231224)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在《刑事诉讼法》迎来法典化倡议和第四次修改契机的时代背景下,探讨与论证刑事远程审判的程序立法问题,实现从技术理性向制度理性的升级跨越,正当其时。远程信息技术对程序价值的增益作用不限于降本增效,其更深刻的法治意义在于强化正义的时效性与可得性。实践发展的实然倾向、理论解释的趋于收敛和程序价值的时代意义均表明,在法律上有必要对刑事远程审判程序予以确认。同时,考虑其程序特殊性、功能有限性与实践失范性,须建立专门的、体系性的法律规制方案,以确保程序运行的正当化与规范化。就立法进路而言:在适用范围上,宜采取“包容性授权+限制性启动”的辩证化方案;在法庭秩序规范上,须兼顾场域环境、法庭纪律和审判流程三方面的秩序性问题;在技术正当程序规范上,须纳入知情同意权规则和技术公正性规则。In the context of the codification initiative and the fourth amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law,it is timely to explore and argue the legal norms of criminal remote trial procedures,achieving an upgrade from technological rationality to institutional rationality.The enhancement of procedural value by remote information technology is not limited to cost reduction and efficiency;its deeper legal significance lies in strengthening the timeliness and accessibility of justice.The practical tendencies,theoretical convergence,and the contemporary significance of procedural values indicate the necessity of providing procedural confirmation for criminal remote trials in legal terms.Given the procedural specificity,functional limitations,and practical deviations,it is essential to establish a specialized and systematic legal regulation scheme to ensure the legitimacy and standardization of procedural operations.Regarding the legislative approach,in terms of scope of application,it is advisable to adopt a dialectical approach of“inclusive authorization+restrictive activation”;in terms of regulating court order,it is necessary to take into account the order issues in the field environment,court discipline,and trial process;in terms of the norms of technical due process,it is necessary to include rules on the right to informed consent and rules on technical impartiality.

关 键 词：远程审判 正义的时效性 《刑事诉讼法》修改 数字立法 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]