学习的快乐:基于哲学、心理学、脑科学视角的研究  

The Joy of Learning:Research from the Perspectives of Philosophy,Psychology,and Neuroscience

作　　者：张鹏 吴筱萌[1] 曾嘉灵 尚俊杰[1] ZHANG Peng;WU Xiaomeng;ZENG Jialing;SHANG Junjie(Graduate School of Education,Peking University,Beijing,100871,China;Teachers College,Columbia University,New York,NY 10027,USA)

机构地区：[1]北京大学教育学院,北京100871 [2]哥伦比亚大学教育学院,纽约NY 10027

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2025年第3期91-104,共14页Global Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金2023年度面上项目“基于视频游戏的空间能力测评关键技术及工具开发研究”(项目编号:62377001);北京市教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度延续课题“基于学习科学和游戏化学习的学习能力培养研究”(项目编号:CEFA21067)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：让学习者获得学习的快乐是教育者们共同的追求。本文从“快乐”的跨学科解析入手,基于哲学、心理学和神经科学的角度分析快乐的含义和机制。哲学角度重在从感性快乐观和理性快乐观中厘清快乐的基本含义;心理学角度重在探讨快乐的心理机制;脑科学角度则重在明确快乐的生理基础。在整合三个学科视角的基础上,本文进一步挖掘学习的快乐之处,研究发现:学习的快乐是个体生存力量的增强;学习的快乐并不排斥过程中的痛苦;学习的快乐与快乐地学习相互兼容。在此基础上,本文总结三条获得学习的快乐的途径:可达到的学习目标、高价值的学习任务、有支持的学习过程。Achieving the joy of learning is a common pursuit for educators.This paper starts with an interdisciplinary analysis of“joy”,examining its meanings and mechanisms from the viewpoints of philosophy,psychology,and neuroscience.From the philosophical perspective,it emphasizes clarifying the basic meanings of joy through the lenses of sensory pleasure and rational pleasure;the psychological perspective focuses on exploring the psychological mechanisms of joy;and the neuroscience perspective aims at identifying the physiological foundation of joy.By integrating these three disciplinary perspectives,the paper further delves into the aspects of the joy of learning.It finds that the joy of learning enhances an individual's vitality;the joy of learning does not exclude the pain involved in the process;the joy of learning and joyful learning are compatible with each other.The paper summarizes three paths to achieving the joy of learning:attainable learning goals,tasks of high value,and a supported learning process.

关 键 词：快乐 学习的快乐 学习科学 新快乐教育 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学] G420[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]