柔性支承的立式转子主动电磁阻尼减振研究  

Research on active electromagnetic damping vibration control technologyfor vertically mounted rotors with flexible supports

作　　者：何少东 唐长亮 徐静雯 宋锦华 木孟良 He Shaodong;Tang Changliang;Xu Jingwen;Song Jinhua;Mu Mengliang(Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology Ministry of Education,Beijing Information Science and Technology University,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学现代测控技术教育部重点实验室,北京100192

出　　处：《电子测量技术》2025年第5期22-29,共8页Electronic Measurement Technology

基　　金：粒子运输与富集技术全国重点实验室开放基金(WZKF-2024-4);国家自然科学基金(11402267)项目资助。

摘　　要：为更好地抑制立式转子系统的振动,提出了一种基于主动电磁力的电磁阻尼器,以替代传统油膜阻尼器中依赖黏性阻尼力的减振方式,并利用有限元分析法对磁路结构进行仿真验证,根据阻尼体在电磁力作用下的动力学模型,设计相应PD控制系统。搭建立式转子升速试验台,将电磁阻尼器和油膜阻尼器分别作为系统下支承结构,进行减振试验分析。试验结果表明,电磁阻尼器的支承特性动态可调,在合理的控制参数下具有良好的减振效果,相较于油膜阻尼器,振幅下降46.49%;此外,电磁阻尼器在PD控制器上加入相位超前校正环节后,转子在临界区域的振幅进一步下降15.78%,低频振动能量下降86%。研究结果证明了电磁阻尼器在立式转子系统减振应用中的可行性和适用性,并指出未来需要优化的方向。In order to more effectively suppress the vibrations of the vertical rotor system,an electromagnetic damper based on active electromagnetic force is proposed as a replacement for the traditional oil film damper,which relies on viscous damping force for vibration reduction.The magnetic circuit structure is simulated and validated using finite element analysis.Based on the dynamic model of the damper under the influence of electromagnetic force,a corresponding PD control system is designed.A vertical rotor acceleration test rig was set up,in which both the electromagnetic damper and the oil film damper were employed as the support structures for the system,respectively,to perform vibration suppression tests and analysis.The experimental results demonstrate that the support characteristics of the electromagnetic damper are dynamically adjustable and exhibit excellent vibration suppression performance with appropriate control parameters,showing a 46.49%reduction in amplitude compared to the oil film damper.Moreover,after integrating a phase lead compensator into the PD controller,the rotor's amplitude in the critical region decreased by 15.78%,while the low-frequency vibration energy was reduced by 86%.The research findings validate the feasibility and applicability of the electromagnetic damper for vibration suppression in vertical rotor systems,while also identifying directions for future optimization.

关 键 词：立式转子系统 电磁阻尼器 PD控制器 减振试验 

分 类 号：TH133.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TN715[电子电信—电路与系统]