基于地震动数据的西藏定日6.8级地震震害初步分析  

Preliminary damage analysis of Dingri 6.8-magnitude earthquake in Xizang using ground motion data

作　　者：王秀英 旦增 赵国存 张国宏 马志霞 陈旭庚 WANG Xiuying;DAN Zeng;ZHAO Guocun;ZHANG Guohong;MA Zhixia;CHEN Xugeng(National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China,Beijing 100085,China;Earthquake Agency of Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850002,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院,北京100085 [2]西藏自治区地震局,西藏拉萨850002

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2025年第2期41-49,共9页Safety and Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：2025年1月7日西藏定日6.8级地震造成了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。为分析此次地震造成严重震害的原因,从地震动的角度,对震中附近100 km范围内地震预警数据进行了分析。结果表明:①沿断层破裂方向地震动衰减较慢,能量高且集中在很短时间内,极易对地表建/构筑物造成破坏;垂直断层/背离断层破裂方向地震动衰减较快,能量较小且比较分散;②地震动的这种空间分布特征源自断层破裂方向性效应的影响,历史震例数据表明受方向性效应影响的地震动一般会造成比较严重的震害;③震中附近浅表松散地层对地震动具有放大效应,在一定程度上也会加重震害。本文工作可为定日地震的震害认识以及灾后重建工作提供参考。Dingri 6.8-magnitude earthquake in Xizang on January 7,2025 caused serious casualties and property losses.In order to analyze the cause of the serious damage caused by the earthquake,the earthquake early warning data within 100 km near the epicenter were analyzed from the perspective of ground motion.The results are as follows:①The ground motion attenuation is relative slow along the fault rupture direction,with high seismic energy concentrating in a limited time,making it highly possible to damage buildings/structures on the ground.In contrast,the ground motion attenuates more rapidly in direction perpendicular to or away from the fault rupture,and the seismic energy is low and more dispersed in a relatively longer time.②The spatial distribution characteristics of the ground motion from Dingri earthquake are influenced by rupture directivity effect,and historical earthquake cases demonstrate that ground motions affected by directivity effect generally result in more severe damage.③Ground motions can be amplified by the loose soil surficial layer near the epicenter region,which,to some extent,exacerbates the earthquake damage.We hope that the results obtained in this paper can provide reference information for understanding the damage caused by Dingri earthquake and for post-disaster reconstruction work.

关 键 词：定日地震 震害 地震动数据 地震预警 断层破裂 方向性效应 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]