尾矿库黄药降解微生物群落的结构与功能研究  

Study on the structure and function of xanthate-degrading microbial communities in tailing pond

作　　者：陶慧玲 刘心艺 马丽媛 蒋沙沙 王兴杰 TAO Huiling;LIU Xinyi;MA Liyuan;JIANG Shasha;WANG Xingjie(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China;Institute of Geological Survey,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430078 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)地质调查研究院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2025年第2期304-312,共9页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42277193)。

摘　　要：为了研究具有黄药降解能力的微生物群落结构及其功能,以湖北大冶某尾矿库水样的微生物群落为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术,对比分析了未添加黄药(N Xanthate)和添加黄药(Xanthate)条件下微生物群落在演替过程中的结构与功能变化。结果表明:①在微生物作用下,Xanthate组黄药含量由1.049 mmol/L减少至0.617 mmol/L;②多样性分析结果显示,黄药的添加导致了微生物群落物种多样性指数下降,群落组成发生显著变化;③在属水平上,N Xanthate组的群落主要由Muribaculaceae、普雷沃氏菌属和乳杆菌属组成,而Xanthate组以寡养单胞菌属和芽孢杆菌属为主;④黄药的引入提高了微生物群落在抗氧化、能量产生和DNA修复等方面的功能基因丰度。黄药显著影响了微生物群落的结构和功能,导致物种多样性显著降低,并促使群落向提高环境适应性、维持基因组稳定性和增强抗逆性等方向演替。微生物在环境修复中具有巨大潜力,探究黄药降解微生物功能群对黄药降解机制的研究和环境修复具有重要意义。To investigate the structure of microbial communities of xanthate degradation and their functions,we conducted a study focusing on the microbial communities in water samples from a tailings reservoir in Daye,Hubei Province.Using high-throughput sequencing technology,we examined the structural and functional changes in the microbial communities during succession under the conditions of no xanthate addition(N Xanthate)and xanthate addition(Xanthate)via comparative analysis.The results are as follows:①Under the influence of the microorganisms,the xanthate content in the Xanthate group decreases from 1.049 mmol/L to 0.617 mmol/L.②Diversity analysis shows that the addition of xanthate leads to a decrease in the species diversity index of the community and significant changes in community composition.③At the genus level,Muribaculaceae,Prevonella and Lactobacillus are dominant in the N Xanthate group,while Stenotrophomonas and Bacillus are dominant in the Xanthate group.④The introduction of xanthate increases the abundance of functional genes related to antioxidant activity,energy production and DNA repair in the community.Xanthate significantly influences the structure and function of microbial community,resulting in a significant reduction in species diversity and promoting the evolution of the community towards enhancing environmental adaptability,maintaining genomic stability,and enhancing stress resistance.Microorganisms possess tremendous potential in environmental restoration.Exploring the microbial functional groups capable of degrading xanthate is of significant importance for the study of xanthate degradation mechanisms and environmental restoration.

关 键 词：黄药 微生物 群落结构 多样性 功能预测 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]