高植被覆盖区群发滑坡的生态环境损害评价  

Evaluation of ecological environment damages of mass landslides in high vegetation cover areas

作　　者：王克树 陈红旗[2] 文广超[1] WANG Keshu;CHEN Hongqi;WEN Guangchao(College of Resources and Environment,Henan University of Science and Technology,Jiaozuo 454003,China;China Academy of Geological and Environmental Monitoring,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学资源环境学院,河南焦作454003 [2]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2025年第2期356-364,共9页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家级地质灾害应急防治项目(102202220180000009059)。

摘　　要：极端降雨和破坏性地震常引发群发滑坡,这些滑坡会造成林木损毁、土地裸露等问题。科学评价群发滑坡的生态环境损害是应急处置、恢复与治理的基础依据。以2022年福建武平中和村“5·27”群发滑坡为例,首先,基于生态系统的服务价值当量因子,通过现场调查、文献研究、层次分析和类比分析,构建了滑坡生态环境损害评价模型;其次,根据该模型计算得出的各土地利用类型生态系统服务价值的权重,并结合生态环境损害期间的损害量,得出了生态环境损害指数(ED);然后,根据生态环境损害指数和生态环境状况变化指数的变化情况,建立了滑坡生态环境损害的4个等级;接着,利用地理空间信息技术,统计了研究区滑坡破坏的土地利用类型的面积数据;最后,利用滑坡生态环境损害评价模型计算得出中和村群发滑坡的生态环境损害指数。计算结果表明,中和村群发滑坡导致的生态系统服务功能损害的ED值为0.022,属于轻微损害。Extreme rainfall and destructive earthquakes often cause landslides,which leads to the destruction of forests and the exposure of land,etc.Scientific evaluation of the ecological environment damage caused by landslides is the basis for emergency response,restoration and management.In this paper,the landslide of Zhonghe Village“5·27”in 2022 in Wuping,Fujian is taken as an example.First,based on the ecosystem service value equivalence factor,a model for assessing the ecological environment damage of the landslide was first developed through on-site investigation,literature review,hierarchical analysis and analog analysis.Next,the ecological environment damage index(ED)was specified based on the weighting of ecosystem service value for different land use types calculated by the model and the extent of ecological environment damage.Then,four degrees of ecological environment damage from landslides were established by drawing an analogy between the ecological environment damage index and the ecological status change index.After that,geospatial information technology was used to count the area data of landslide-damaged land use types in the study area.Finally,the landslide ecological environment damage evaluation model was used to calculate the ecological environment damage index caused by the cluster landslide in Zhonghe Village.The calculation results show that the ED value of the damage to the ecosystem function caused by the landslide in Zhonghe Village is 0.022,which is a slight damage.

关 键 词：群发滑坡 生态系统 生态环境损害评价 高植被覆盖区 

分 类 号：X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学]