司法体制改革与企业专业化分工:基于交易成本和市场规模的视角  

Judicial System Reform and Vertical Specialization of Firms:Based on the Perspective of Transaction Cost and Market Size

作　　者：曹友斌 Cao Youbin

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院,200433

出　　处：《南方经济》2025年第3期58-79,共22页South China Journal of Economics

基　　金：上海财经大学研究生创新基金项目“新城建设的土地溢价效应研究”(项目编号:CXJJ-2024-349)资助。

摘　　要：作为全面推进法治中国建设的重要抓手,司法体制改革能够缓解司法地方化问题,为企业通过市场机制配置资源营造了法治化营商环境。文章以最高人民法院在地方设立巡回法庭为例,基于上市公司的微观数据,采用双重差分法考察了司法体制改革对企业专业化分工的影响效应及其内在机制。研究结果显示:巡回法庭设立有助于提升企业专业化分工水平,且在考虑到被解释变量的测度方式、竞争性政策、政策内生性干扰等问题后,研究结论保持稳健。进一步基于交易成本理论和劳动分工理论构建分析框架,分别从外部交易成本和市场规模的视角进行了机制检验,研究发现巡回法庭设立既能够降低企业外部交易成本,也有利于企业享受超大规模市场红利,使其更多依靠市场机制进行资源配置,从而提升了专业化分工水平。鉴于专业化分工对企业生产率的潜在促进效果,从全要素生产率的视角进行了相应的拓展性分析,发现巡回法庭设立显著提高了企业全要素生产率水平。上述研究结论对理解司法体制改革如何影响市场主体的资源配置方式具有重要参考价值。Good judicial environment is of great significance to the long-term healthy development of firms.In recent years,China has comprehensively promoted the judicial system reform and made a series of major institutional innovations.The circuit courts set up by the Supreme People′s Court are helpful to weaken the problem of judicial local protectionism,optimize the business environment and lay an institutional foundation for firms to allocate resources through market mechanisms,which provides a precious opportunity to understand the micro effects of judicial system reform.Based on the micro data of listed firms,this paper takes the establishment of circuit courts as a policy shock,and employs difference-in-differences to investigate the impact of judicial system reform on the division of specialization of listed firms and its underlying mechanism.The result shows that the establishment of circuit court can significantly improve the division of specialization of listed firms,and the conclusion remains robust after a series of robustness tests.Based on the transaction cost theory and the division of labor theory,this paper furtherly analyzes the mechanism from the perspectives of external transaction cost and market size respectively.The results show that the establishment of circuit courts can reduce the external transaction cost of firms,and help firms expand the market scale and enjoy the super-scale market dividends,which leads firms more willing to allocate resources through the market mechanism,and improving the level of division of specialization.Considering the promoting effect of division on productivity,this paper makes a further analysis from the perspective of total factor productivity,the result shows that the establishment of circuit court also improves the total factor productivity of firms.The conclusion of this study has important implications for understanding how judicial system reform affects the allocation of resources of market entities.The main contributions of this paper are as follows:Firstly,

关 键 词：司法体制改革 专业化分工 外部交易成本 市场规模 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]