轻型无人机撞击典型客机平尾结构试验及数值模拟研究  

Experimental and numerical simulation study of a light UAV impacting a typical airliner flat tail structure

作　　者：陈斐颖 陈池 刘军[1] 李健 张迎春 CHEN Feiying;CHEN Chi;LIU Jun;LI Jian;ZHANG Yingchun(School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;R&D Center,AVIC(Chengdu)UAV Systems Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 611743,China;Structural Strength Section,CAAC Shanghai Aircraft Airworthiness Certification Center,Shanghai 200232,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航空学院,西安710072 [2]中航(成都)无人机系统股份有限公司研发中心,成都611743 [3]中国民用航空上海航空器适航审定中心结构强度室,上海200232

出　　处：《航空工程进展》2025年第2期101-114,共14页Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering

摘　　要：评估无人机对空中其他飞行器的飞行安全威胁,必须开展无人机撞击飞行器结构的试验及数值仿真。基于研制的大口径异形空气炮发射测试系统,开展某轻型无人机与典型客机平尾结构的碰撞试验,采用LSDYNA软件建立相应的无人机撞击平尾有限元数值仿真模型,对比平尾动态响应及损伤形貌的计算结果与试验结果,采用数值仿真方法研究无人机的姿态对平尾结构撞击损伤的影响。结果表明:无人机撞击易对平尾前缘结构造成贯穿性损伤,俯仰和滚转姿态对平尾撞击损伤影响较小,航向姿态的影响较大,且无人机的电池在撞击过程中存在侵入平尾结构内部并引发爆炸起火的风险。To evaluate the flight safety threat of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)to other aircraft in the air,experi-ments and numerical simulations of UAV impacting the aircraft structure must be carried out.Based on the launch test system of large caliber special-shaped air cannon,the collision experiments between a light UAV and the flat tail of a typical airliner are carried out.The corresponding finite element numerical simulation model of UAV im-pacting on the flat tail by using LS-DYNA software is established.The calculation results of the flat tail dynamic re-sponses is compared with damage morphologies with experimental results.The numerical simulation method is used to study the effects of UAV attitudes on the impact damage of the flat tail.The results show that the UAV im-pact is easy to cause penetrating damage to the leading edge of the flat tail,the pitching and rolling attitudes have a few effects on the impact damage of the flat tail,and the heading attitude has a greater effect,and the UAV battery has the risk of invading the interior of the flat tail and causing explosion and fire during the impact process.

关 键 词：无人机 平尾结构 空气炮 数值仿真 损伤评估 

分 类 号：V279[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] V216