拜登政府供应链重塑战略背景下国家与美政治互信对其全球供应链参与度的影响  

The Impact of Political Trust with the United States on Global Supply Chain Participation under the Biden Administration's Supply Chain Reshaping Strategy

作　　者：黄佳丽 Huang Jiali(Shanghai Institutes for International Studies,Shanghai,Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]上海国际问题研究院,上海上海200233

出　　处：《人文与社会科学学刊》2025年第1期104-122,共19页

摘　　要：当前全球供应链重要性愈发突出,美国拜登政府供应链重塑战略旨在通过打造美国盟伴阵营加强自身全球供应链参与度优势并打压对手国家,因此一国与美政治互信程度对全球供应链参与度影响有着密切关系。以芯片、新能源汽车与关键矿物三大重要战略产业为例,研究发现总体上一国与美政治互信程度越高,其全球供应链参与度越强。其中,在拜登政府供应链重塑战略背景下,三大产业全球供应链参与度受到政治互信的影响有所分化,芯片产业与关键矿物产业所受影响相比于新能源汽车行业更加显著,美国及其盟伴体系在关键矿物产业全球供应链参与度有显著上升,芯片产业相比于对手国家有所轻微下降。因此,中美两国应该意识到加强政治互信合作从而实现在全球供应链参与度上的务实合作,促进双赢;中国面对美国的战略竞争也要因产业制宜,继续加强新能源汽车行业优势,提升关键矿产行业的附加值出口,加强芯片行业的创新研发投入.The importance of global supply chains has become increasingly prominent.The Biden administration's supply chain reshaping strategy aims to strengthen the United States'advantage in global supply chain participation by building alliances and suppressing rival nations.Therefore,the level of political trust between a country and the United States is closely related to its global supply chain participation.Taking three strategic industries—semiconductors,new energy vehicles,and critical minerals--as examples,the study finds that,in general,the higher the level of political trust with the United States,the stronger a country's participation in global supply chains.Under the Biden administration's supply chain reshaping strategy,the impact of political trust on global supply chain participation varies across these industries.The semiconductor and critical minerals industries are more significantly affected by political trust compared to the new energy vehicle industry.The participation of the United States and its allies in the global supply chain of critical minerals has increased significantly,while the semiconductor industry has seen a slight decline compared to rival nations.Therefore,both China and the United States should recognize the importance of strengthening political trust and cooperation to achieve pragmatic collaboration in global supply chain participation,promoting mutual benefits.In response to U.S.strategic competition,China should tailor its strategies by industry,continuing to strengthen its advantages in the new energy vehicle sector,enhancing the value-added exports of critical minerals,and increasing investment in innovation and R&D in the semiconductor industry.

关 键 词：供应链 政治互信 全球供应链参与度 中美竞争 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]