我国医学本科生神经质人格对主观幸福感的影响机制分析  

The Impact Mechanism of Neuroticism on Subjective Well-being Among Medical Undergraduates in China

作　　者：李青 邓湘宁[2] 姜宇[3] 杨歌 吴水云 庄明科[6] LI Qing(School of Life Sciences,Peking University,Bejing,100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学生命科学学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学第三医院心血管内科,北京100191 [3]北京大学第三医院骨科,北京100191 [4]北京大学医学部学生工作部,北京100191 [5]齐鲁医药学院公共卫生学院,山东淄博255300 [6]北京大学学生心理健康教育与咨询中心,北京100871

出　　处：《医学与社会》2025年第4期75-81,共7页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题,编号为2022YFB2703301。

摘　　要：目的:探讨我国医学本科生神经质人格对其主观幸福感的影响机制,为提升医学生心理健康水平提供参考。方法:于2024年2-3月对全国8所院校的医学本科生进行问卷调查,使用SPSS 26.0软件分析神经质人格对主观幸福感的影响机制,以及正念觉知和焦点解决思维在其中的作用。结果:共得到有效问卷5661份。医学生神经质人格、正念觉知、焦点解决思维和主观幸福感得分依次为(9.61±2.37)、(60.65±11.98)、(47.37±6.95)、(10.20±2.34)。神经质人格与正念觉知、焦点解决思维和主观幸福感得分负相关(P<0.001)。正念觉知、焦点解决思维均在神经质人格与主观幸福感之间具有中介作用,中介效应值分别占总效应的14.28%和30.95%;正念觉知和焦点解决思维在神经质人格和主观幸福感之间的链式中介效应值占总效应的9.52%。结论:神经质人格不仅可以直接影响主观幸福感,还可以通过正念觉知、焦点解决思维的单独中介和链式中介间接影响主观幸福感。可以通过增强正念觉知和焦点解决思维,提升神经质人格医学生的主观幸福感。Objective:To explore the influence of neuroticism on the subjective well-being of medical students,so as to provide insights for improving the mental health of medical students.Methods:Between February and March 2024,a questionnaire survey was conducted among medical undergraduates from eight universities nationwide.SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyze the impact mechanism of neuroticism on subjective well-being,as well as the roles of mindfulness and solution-focused thinking in this process.Results:A total of 5661 valid questionnaires were obtained.The scores for neuroticism,mindfulness,solution-focused thinking,and subjective well-being were(9.61±2.37),(60.65±11.98),(47.37±6.95),and(10.20±2.34),respectively.Neuroticism was negatively correlated with mindfulness,solution-focused thinking,and subjective well-being(P<0.001).Both mindfulness and solution-focused thinking served as mediators between neuroticism and subjective well-being,with mediation effect sizes accounting for 14.28%and 30.95%of the total effects,respectively;the chain mediation effect of mindfulness and solution-focused thinking between neuroticism and subjective well-being accounted for 9.52%of the total effect.Conclusion:Neuroticism can directly affect subjective well-being and can also indirectly influence it through the chain mediating effects of mindfulness and solution-focused thinking.Increasing mindfulness and solution-focused thinking may improve the subjective well-being of medical students with high neuroticism.

关 键 词：医学心理 主观幸福感 神经质人格 医学生 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] R195.1