石油污染土壤的生物修复及微生物群落结构分析  

Bioremediation and microbial community structure of petroleum-contaminated soil

作　　者：潘家媛 彭芃 农接亮 申泰铭 解庆林[1,2,3,4] PAN Jiayuan;PENG Peng;NONG Jieliang;SHEN Taiming;XIE Qinglin(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China;Guangxi Modern Industry College of Ecology and Environmental Protection,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541006 [2]桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西桂林541006 [3]桂林理工大学广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541006 [4]桂林理工大学广西生态环保现代产业学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《桂林理工大学学报》2025年第1期87-94,共8页Journal of Guilin University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51978189)。

摘　　要：为探究不同生物修复方法对石油污染土壤的修复效果,从天津大港油田的污染土壤中分离出3株石油烃降解菌(J1、J2和J3),将其构建为高效降解菌群,通过生物强化(BA)和生物刺激(BS)对污染土壤进行10个月的生物修复。结果表明,BA法中3个不同深度的土样BQ1、BQ2和BQ3中总石油烃(TPHs)的总降解率分别为86.05%、61.91%和43.87%;BS法中TPHs的总降解率分别为75.76%、58.91%和38.48%。结合土样中石油烃各组分的降解情况发现,相比于BS法,BA法不仅对TPHs表现出更好的降解效果,还对高分子量组分表现出更好的降解能力。经过生物修复后,土壤中Salegentibacter sp.、Halomonas sp.和Bacillus sp.3个菌属的总丰度最大增加了47.87百分点,成为土壤中的优势菌属,这说明两种生物修复方法能一定程度上改善土壤中微生物群落的多样性和功能性,并增加与石油降解相关的功能基因丰度。In this study,three strains of petroleum-degrading bacteria,named J1,J2 and J3,isolated from contaminated soil in Tianjin Dagang Oilfield are constructed as an effective bacterial consortium.The polluted soil is subjected to 10 months of bioremediation through bio-stimulation(BS)and bio-augmentation(BA).The results show that the total removal rates of total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPHs)for soil sample BQ1,BQ2 and BQ3 at different depths by BA are 86.05%,61.91%and 43.87%,respectively.The total removal rates of TPHs in each soil sample by BS reaches 75.76%,58.91%and 38.48%,respectively.Combined with the removal of each petroleum hydrocarbon component in the sample,it is found that BA shows a better remediation effect on TPHs than BS,and a higher removal rate for high molecular weight components.After bioremediation,the total abundance of the three genera Salegentibgcter sp.,Halomoas sp.,and Bacillus sp.in the soil increases by up to 47.87 points,becoming the dominant genus in the soil.It suggests that the two bioremediation methods can improve the diversity and functionality of microbial communities in soil to a certain extent,and increase the abundance of functional genes related to petroleum degradation.

关 键 词：石油烃降解菌 生物强化 生物刺激 土壤微生物群落 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]