行政执法证据在刑事诉讼中的使用范围与审查机制  

The Scope of Use and Review Mechanism of Administrative Law Enforcement Evidence in Criminal Proceedings

作　　者：孙蕙心 阮晨欣 Sun Huixin;Ruan Chenxin(Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao,999078;China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,100088)

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学,中国澳门999078 [2]中国政法大学,北京100088

出　　处：《湖南警察学院学报》2025年第1期58-70,共13页Journal of Hunan Police Academy

基　　金：2023年度国家社会科学基金青年项目“数字化条件下新型知识产权犯罪的刑法应对研究”(23CFX063)。

摘　　要：当前行政执法证据向刑事司法证据转化在实践中主要存在种类范围不明确和审查机制不健全两大问题。行政执法证据在刑事诉讼中的证据能力应进行分类认定,其中行政执法机关依法收集制作的实物证据、鉴定意见、勘验笔录、检查笔录、事故调查报告可以转化为刑事司法证据在刑事诉讼中使用;除特定例外情形,行政言词证据、检验报告原则上不能转化为刑事司法证据,应当由侦查机关重新收集制作。行政执法证据在刑事诉讼中使用必须经过司法机关的全面审查,具体适用分段审查模式、形式审查与实质审查相结合的审查标准和全流程一体审查程序。At present,there are two major problems in practices of transforming administrative law enforcement evidence into criminal justice evidence:the unclear scope of types and the imperfect review mechanism.The evidence ability of administrative law enforcement evidence in criminal proceedings should be classified and identified.Physical evidence,appraisal opinions,inspection records,inspection records and accident investigation reports collected and produced by administrative law enforcement organs according to the law can be transformed into criminal justice evidence for use in criminal proceedings;except for specific exceptions,administrative verbal evidence and inspection reports cannot be converted into criminal judicial evidence in principle and should be recollected and produced by investigation organs.The use of administrative law enforcement evidence in criminal proceedings must be subject to a comprehensive review by the judiciary.The specific application should abide by the segmented review model,the review standard combining formal and substantive examination,and the integrated whole-process review procedure.

关 键 词：行政执法证据 刑事司法证据 刑事诉讼 证据能力 全面审查 

分 类 号：D925.213[政治法律—诉讼法学]