花椒精油和牛至精油对不同生长阶段母羊生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Zanthoxylum bungeanum essential oil and oregano essential oil on growth performance,serum biochemical,and immune indices of ewes at different growth stages

作　　者：金茜[1] 景照明 康芳娥 刘海波 刘立山 宫旭胤[1] JIN Qian;JING Zhaoming;KANG Fange;LIU Haibo;LIU Lishan;GONG Xuyin

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]嘉峪关市文殊镇畜牧兽医站,甘肃嘉峪关735100

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第4期1-6,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：嘉峪关市科技计划项目重点研发计划(项目编号:22-19);国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系岗位科学家任务(项目编号:cars-39-18)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究饲粮中添加花椒精油和牛至精油对不同生长阶段母羊生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标的影响。试验选取体重相近、体况良好的3月龄母羔和成年母羊各24只,将母羔和成年母羊各随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复1只羊。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加7 g/(只·d)牛至精油和10mL/(只·d)花椒精油。预试期10d,正式试验期90d。结果显示:与对照组相比,牛至精油和花椒精油均能显著提高母羊的末重、1~30 d平均日增重及平均日采食量(P<0.05);牛至精油能够显著提升血清中总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),以及免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)含量(P<0.05),显著降低血清中胆固醇(CHO)和甘油三酯(TG)含量(P<0.05);花椒精油能够显著提高母羊血清中ALB含量、T-AOC及CAT活性(P<0.05),显著降低CHO含量(P<0.05),提升成年母羊血清中IgM、IFN-γ及母羔羊血清中IgG、IFN-γ含量(P<0.05)。研究表明,牛至精油和花椒精油均能有效改善成年母羊及母羔羊的生长性能,增强机体抗氧化能力和免疫力。The study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Zanthoxylum schinifolium essential oil and oregano essential oil on the growth performance,serum biochemical,and immune indices of ewes at different growth stages.Twenty-four healthy three-month-old ewe lambs and 24 healthy adult ewes with similar body weights were selected and randomly divided into three groups,with eight replicates per group,one ewe per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,while the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 7 g/(head·d)oregano essential oil or 10 mL/(head·d)Zanthoxylum schinifolium essential oil,respectively.The pre-trial period was 10 days,and the formal trial period was 90 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,both oregano essential oil and Zanthoxylum schinifolium essential oil significantly increased the final body weight,average daily gain(1~30 d),and average daily feed intake of ewes(P<0.05).Oregano essential oil significantly increased serum levels of total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),glucose(GLU),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),catalase(CAT)activity,and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),as well as immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin M(IgM),and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)concentrations(P<0.05),while significantly reducing serum cholesterol(CHO)and triglyceride(TG)concentrations(P<0.05).Zanthoxylum schinifolium essential oil significantly increased ALB content,T-AOC,and CAT activity in serum(P<0.05),significantly reduced CHO content(P<0.05),increased IgM and IFN-γconcentrations in adult ewes,and IgG and IFN-γconcentrations in ewe lambs(P<0.05).The study indicates that Zanthoxylum schinifolium essential oil and oregano essential oil can effectively improve growth performance,enhance antioxidant capacity and immune function in adult ewes and ewe lambs.

关 键 词：花椒精油 牛至精油 母羊 生长阶段 生长性能 血清生化指标 抗氧化能力 免疫指标 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]