牛至精油对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状及肉品质的影响  

Effect of oregano essential oil on growth performance,carcass traits,and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs

作　　者：何立威 王晓东 郑菊红 曹乐平 梁剑平[3] HE Liwei;WANG Xiaodong;ZHENG Juhong;CAO Leping;LIANG Jianping

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院长垣分院,河南新乡453000 [2]河南神农道地药材有限公司,河南郑州450046 [3]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2025年第5期22-27,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：2023年度河南省重点研发专项(项目编号:231111110900);河南省中科科技成果转移化中心开放性课题项目(项目编号:2024102)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究牛至精油替代抗生素对生长育肥猪生长性能、腹泻率、胴体性状及肉品质的影响。选取80头体重为(40.44±1.66)kg的三元杂交生长育肥猪80头,随机分为4组,每组20个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组(CK组)饲喂基础饲粮;抗生素组(A1组)在基础饲粮中添加70 mg/kg金霉素;牛至精油组在基础饲粮中分别添加250(A2组)和500 mg/kg牛至精油(A3组)。预试期7 d,正式试验期90 d。结果表明,与CK组相比,A1组、A2组和A3组的末重与平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05);A3组的腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05)。与CK组相比,A1组、A2组和A3组的宰前活重与胴体重显著提高(P<0.05),A3组的屠宰率和腿肌中总氨基酸含量显著提高(P<0.05)。研究表明,饲粮中添加牛至精油可以提高生长育肥猪的生长性能、胴体性状和腿肌中总氨基酸含量,降低腹泻率,改善肉品质和风味,且500 mg/kg牛至精油的添加效果优于抗生素,可达到替代抗生素的作用。This study investigated the effects of replacing antibiotics with oregano essential oil on growth performance,diarrhea rate,carcass traits,and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs.80 three-way hybrid growing-finishing pigs with a weight of(40.44±1.66)kg were selected and randomly divided into four groups,with 20 replicates in each group and one pig per replicate.The control group(CK group)fed a basal diet,the antibiotic group(A1 group)fed a basal diet with 70 mg/kg chlortetracycline,the oregano essential oil groups fed a basal diet with 250(A2 group)and 500 mg/kg(A3 group)oregano essential oil.The pre-test lasted for seven days and the formal test lasted for 90 days.The results showed that compared to CK group,A1,A2 and A3 groups had significantly higher final weight,average daily gain(P<0.05),and significantly lower feed-to-weight ratio(P<0.05).Diarrhea rate in A3 group was significantly lower(P<0.05).The A1,A2 and A3 groups had significantly higher pre-slaughter weight and carcass weight(P<0.05)than the CK group,with A3 group also having higher slaughter rate and amino acid content of leg muscles(P<0.05).Research shows that oregano essential oil can improve growth performance,carcass traits,amino acid content of leg muscles,diarrhea rate,and improves meat quality and flavor in growing-finishing pigs.The addition effect of 500 mg/kg oregano essential oil is better than antibiotics,and can achieve the role of replacing antibiotics.

关 键 词：牛至精油 生长育肥猪 生长性能 胴体性状 肉品质 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]