一种用于核素识别的序贯贝叶斯方法  

A sequential Bayesian method for nuclide recognition

作　　者：曹仁龙 李孝哲 黄亭璋 彭文佳 栾鸿宇 张迪 CAO Renlong;LI Xiaozhe;HUANG Tingzhang;PENG Wenjia;LUAN Hongyu;ZHANG Di(Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,610000,China;Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Geoscience Nuclear Technology,Chengdu,610000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学,成都610000 [2]地学核技术四川省重点实验室,成都610000

出　　处：《核电子学与探测技术》2025年第3期343-352,共10页Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology

摘　　要：在一般的核事故中,放射源丢失情况所占比例最高,因此为了确保人员的安全以及实现对放射源的快速寻找,在很多的公共场合以及核应急事故中都需要对放射性物质进行快速有效的识别。本文阐述了一种放射性核素快速识别的方法,以贝叶斯方法为基础建立二元假设模型,通过筛选符合粒子能量的粒子事件,将粒子事件的能量代入全能峰模型中,通过粒子群算法求得参数估计值,最终通过序贯检测得到核素识别结果。通过实验模拟与对比分析验证了该方法的可行性。模拟结果显示,当放射源与探测器之间的距离增加时,检出的时间随着距离的增加而增加,当^(137)Cs距离探测器70cm,^(60)Co距离170 cm时,通过序贯检测显示核素不存在,符合实际情况。本文论述方法与常见寻峰法进行对比,当^(137)Cs距离探测器50 cm时利用本文论述方法能在6 s时间内识别核素,当^(60)Co距离探测器130 cm时能在5 s时间内识别核素,而常见的寻峰法在相同距离和时间段内无法形成完整的全能峰。From 2016 and 2020,a total of 26 radioisotope field radiation accidents occurred,in the general radiation accidents,the proportion of lost radioactive sources is the highest,to ensure the safety of personnel,in many public places need to quickly and effectively identify radioactive materials.This paper describes a method for rapid identification of radionuclides.Based on Bayesian method,a binary hypothesis model is established.By screening particle events that match the energy of particles,the energy of particle events is brought into the all⁃purpose peak model,and parameter estimates are obtained through particle swarm optimization algorithm.The feasibility of this method is verified by experimental simulation and comparative analysis.When the Cs source is 50 cm away from the detector,the method discussed in this paper can identify the nuclide within 6 s time,while the normal peaking method cannot form a complete omnipotent peak within this time period.When the Co source is 100 cm away from the detector,the nuclide can be identified within 5 s time,and the same ordinary peaking method cannot form a complete omnipotent peak within this time period.Therefore,compared with the conventional peaking method,this method has a faster ability to identify nuclides.

关 键 词：核应急 核素识别 贝叶斯方法 粒子群算法 序贯检测 

分 类 号：X837[环境科学与工程—环境工程]