基于全基因组重测序的五指山大叶茶种质资源多样性分析  

Diversity analysis of germplasm resources of large-leaf tea in Wuzhishan mountains based on whole genome resequencing

作　　者：吴海霞 苟志辉 杜尚嘉 符溶 符生波 符明珠 吴挺聪 陈国德 郭霞 Wu Haixia;Gou Zhihui;Du Shangjia;Fu Rong;Fu Shengbo;Fu Mingzhu;Wu Tingcong;Chen Guode;Guo Xia(Hainan Academy of Forestry/Hainan Academy of Mangrove,Haikou 571100,China;Key Laboratory of Tropical Forestry Resources Monitoring and Application of Hainan,Haikou 571100,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省林业科学研究院/海南省红树林研究院,海南海口571199 [2]海南省热带林业资源监测与应用重点实验室,海南海口571199

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期1-8,共8页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：五指山市科技项目(WZSKJXM2021005);省属科研院所技术创新专项(SQKY2022-0037)。

摘　　要：[目的]野生大叶茶在海南岛五指山地区分布广泛,具有较高的利用价值,然而对其遗传背景及基因组多样性鲜有研究。本研究在已有的大叶茶基因组的基础上,对海南中部五指山区代表性区域野生大叶茶进行基因组重测序以及基于基因组重测序的种质资源多样性分析,为五指山野生大叶茶的保护及在茶树遗传育种中的利用提供理论基础。[方法]本研究选取了69份五指山野生大叶茶代表性样品,对其开展了基因组重测序,在此基础上开展PCA、系统发育分析以及遗传结构分析,并筛选了水满乡境内大叶茶的选择性清除位点。[结果]对野生大叶茶进行基因组重测序,共获得全长为60001469742 bp的基因组重测序数据。将其比对到大叶茶参考基因组上检测变异位点,共获得41381015个变异位点,其中有39970726个SNP位点,141029个Indel位点。考察核苷酸多态性的π值在基因组中的分布密度趋势,发现其与SNP、Indel在基因组中的分布高度一致。主成分分析、系统发育分析和遗传结构分析结果均表明,五指山野生大叶茶可分为5个群体,其中群体B、C、E遗传背景较纯,群体A和D的遗传背景较为复杂。水满乡境内大叶茶资源位于D和E群体,造成这2个群体间分化的部分变异位点分布于2273个蛋白编码基因中。[结论]本研究在获得基因组重测序数据基础上,多种遗传多样性分析均表明五指山野生大叶茶可分为5个群体,而水满乡境内大叶茶分布于其中2个群体,这为揭示五指山大叶茶资源的丰富性、制定保护策略及在育种上的应用提供了基础。[Objective]Wild large-leaf tea plants(Camellia sinensis)are widely distributed in the Wuzhishan region of Hainan Is-land and holds significant utilization value.However,there is limited research on its genetic background and genomic diversity.Based on the existing large-leaf tea plant genome,this study conducted the whole genome resequencing and germplasm re-source diversity analysis of wild large-leaf tea from representative regions in the central Wuzhishan area of Hainan.The aim was to provide a theoretical foundation for the conservation of Wuzhishan wild large-leaf tea plants and its application in tea plant genetic breeding.[Methods]In this study,69 representative samples of wild germplasms of tea plants in Wuzhishan were collected for whole-genome resequencing.Based on the resequencing data,principal component analysis(PCA),phylogenetic analysis,and genetic structure analysis were performed.Additionally,selective sweep sites were identified for large-leaf tea within the Shuiman Township.[Result]Whole genome resequencing of wild large-leaf tea generated a total of 60001469742 bp of resequencing data.By aligning this data to the reference genome of large-leaf tea,41381015 variant sites were detected,including 39970726 SNP sites and 141029 Indel sites.The distribution density trend of nucleotide polymorphism(π)values across the genome were found to be highly consistent with the distribution of SNPs and Indels.Principal component analysis,phylogenetic analysis,and genetic structure analysis collectively indicated that the wild large-leaf tea of Wuzhishan could be di-vided into five populations.Among these,populations B,C,and E exhibited relatively pure genetic backgrounds,while popu-lations A and D had more complex genetic backgrounds.The large-leaf tea resources within Shuiman Township were located in populations D and E,and some of the variant sites contributing to the differentiation between these two populations were distrib-uted across 2273 protein-coding genes.[Conclusion]Based on the whole genome re-seq

关 键 词：大叶茶 五指山 野生种质资源 重测序 遗传结构 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]