自然教育驱动保护地社区发展的机理及影响研究  

Study on the mechanism and impact of nature education driving community development in protected areas

作　　者：胡玉俏 赵敏燕 杨军 张琳 夏冰 马艳 陈武强 孟子超 HU Yuqiao;ZHAO Minyan;YANG Jun;ZHANG Lin;XIA Bing;MA Yan;CHEN Wuqiang;MENG Zichao(Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Management Center of Wuyuan National Forest Bird Nature Reserve,Wuyuan 333200,Jiangxi,China;Raoheyuan National Wetland Park Management Office,Wuyuan 333200,Jiangxi,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Yunnan Forestry Technological College,Kunming 650225,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,昆明650224 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100101 [3]江西婺源森林鸟类国家级自然保护区管理中心,婺源333200 [4]江西婺源饶河源国家湿地公园管理办公室,婺源333200 [5]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [6]云南林业职业技术学院,昆明650225

出　　处：《自然保护地》2025年第1期82-96,共15页Natural Protected Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42201321);国家林业和草原局科研项目(20220601)。

摘　　要：【目的】验证自然教育“环境认知-地方依恋-保护意愿”的内在效应,并揭示其对保护地社区文化、社区经济和社区治理等因素的驱动影响机制。【方法】采用结构方程模型,使用SPSS27.0和AMOS26.0软件,以江西婺源森林鸟类国家级自然保护区周边社区石门村和曹门村为案例地,通过409份有效问卷开展假设条件验证。【结果】①从内在效应看,自然教育对社区居民环境认知和保护意愿产生影响,其中地方依恋是不可忽视的中介变量;②从驱动影响看,自然教育对社区文化、社区经济、社区治理具有显著的驱动影响;③从人口特征群组分析看,性别、年龄、教育程度和收入变量在驱动影响的假设路径中表现出显著差异;④从社区群组对比看,自然教育对周边社区的经济、治理存在影响,对远郊社区文化的影响显著,但对近郊社区文化不存在影响。【结论】提出了3点建议:一是提升自然教育内在效应的全面发挥,驱动社区文化、经济和治理的综合性发展;二是深化社区居民自然教育过程的情感因素关注,有助于反作用于保护地生态保护功能;三是加强探索因地制宜的保护地社区自然教育模式,从整体上促进自然教育及社区经济文化的协调发展。【Objectives】This study aimed to validate the intrinsic effects of nature education on the"environmental cognitionsense of place-willingness to protect"and to reveal its driving mechanisms on factors such as community culture,community economy,and community governance in protected areas.【Methods】This study adopted structural equation modeling and utilized SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 26.0 software to test the hypotheses with 409 valid questionnaires in Shimen Village and Caomen Village of Jiangxi Wuyuan Forest Birds National Nature Reserve as the case study sites.【Results】The results indicated:(1)Intrinsic effects demonstrated that nature education influenced environmental cognition and the willingness to protect among community residents,with a sense of place being a significant mediating variable.(2)Driving effects showed that nature education significantly impacted community culture,community economy,and community governance.(3)A thorough analysis of demographic characteristics revealed significant differences in the driving effect hypothesis paths among gender,age,education level,and income variables.(4)Community group comparison shows that nature education impacted the economy and governance of surrounding communities,and significantly influenced the culture of suburban communities,but did not affect the culture of near suburban communities.【Conclusions】Three recommendations are proposed:First,the comprehensive role of intrinsic effects of nature education should be enhanced to contribute to the comprehensive development of community culture,economy,and governance.Second,attention should be paid to the emotional factors in the process of nature education for community residents to counteract the ecological protection function of the protected area.Third,the nature education model in the protected areas should be explored to promote the coordinated development of nature education and community development.

关 键 词：自然保护地 自然教育 社区发展 结构方程模型 多群组分析 

分 类 号：X-4[环境科学与工程] F327[经济管理—产业经济]