丘马科夫论作为一门独立学科的全球学  

Chumakov's Theory of Global Studies as an Independent Discipline

作　　者：张立坤 田萌 ZHANG Li-kun;TIAN Meng(School of Philosophy,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Institute of Philosophy,Saint Petersburg State University,Saint Petersburg 199034,Russia)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学学院,北京100875 [2]圣彼得堡国立大学哲学学院,圣彼得堡199034

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2025年第2期19-25,共7页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“当代俄罗斯哲学研究”(18ZDA018)。

摘　　要：全球化是当今世界的主导趋势,世界正在走向统一。现代科学技术成就加速了世界统一的进程。全球化导致的现代全球问题引起整个世界的不安。丘马科夫教授认为,全球化进程的开端却不在当代,而是在四五百年之前的地理大发现时代。随之而来的全球问题也是在那个时期出现的,只是在20世纪下半叶,它们才凸显出来,引起人们的广泛关注。全球问题的性质自身决定了对它们的研究是多方面、多层次和多角度的。作为一门综合性学科的全球学于20世纪下半叶应运而生。要理解全球化的世界就需要全球思维,全球思维是全球学学科建设的基础。思维离不开概念,但是,许多传统的概念以及对一些概念的传统理解不符合全球化世界的现实。丘马科夫提出“文化-文明体系”的概念,它突破了对文化与文明的传统理解。Globalization is a dominant trend in today's world,and consequently is moving toward unification.Achievements in modern science and technology have accelerated this process of unity,however,globalization has concurrently caused worldwide unrest.Professor Chumakov believes that the process of globalization did not spring up in our modern era,but was rather the result of the great geographical expansion,four or five hundred years ago.The resulting global problem of unrest,likewise,appeared in the same period,yet it was only in the second half of the 20 century that these problems became evident and attracted widespread attention.The nature of global problems themselves require that the study of them be multi-faceted,at multi-levels,and from varying perspectives.As a comprehensive discipline,global studies came into being in the second half of the 20 century.To understand the globalized world,we need global thinking,which is the basis of the Global Studies construct.While thought is inseparable from concept,many traditional concepts as well as understanding of them do not conform to the reality of the globalized world.Chumakov puts forth a concept of a‘culturally civilized system',which breaks through the traditional understanding of culture and civilization.

关 键 词：丘马科夫 全球问题 全球化 全球学 文化-文明体系 

分 类 号：B511.2[哲学宗教—外国哲学]