文明论与中国儿童文学的发生  

On the Civilization Theory and the Occurrence of Chinese Children's Literature

作　　者：吴翔宇[1] WU Xiangyu

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《学术月刊》2025年第3期162-171,共10页Academic Monthly

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“百年中国文学视域下儿童文学发展史”(21&ZD257)的阶段性成。

摘　　要：中国新文学的出场得益于文明论的重构,而现代文明观的确立又反推新文学的发生。古典叙事与文明叙事质的差异体现在时间上,前者以无时间的故事书写不变的道德,后者则在历史的进程中展现时间的古今之异。儿童是一种文明的征候,在认知上可照见传统与现代的分野。但是,在文明等级制造的话语体系中,儿童因无法获取与成人既离析又融通的经验而仅是一个受词。这种话语悸论制约了新文化人推行“幼者本位”的实践,也成为西方思想界“儿童文学不可能”论断的前因。为儿童写作是文明的表征,中国儿童文学在被引入历史时延拓了文明论的域,并开启了两重话语空间:一是与新文学共同介入文明史的书写,二是在一体化书写中凸显其自身的主体性。两重空间的拼接补全了中国儿童文学发生的全息图景,也彰显其内在生成的逻辑。The emergence of new Chinese literature is attributed to the reconstruction of the theory of civilization,while the establishment of the modern civilization view pushes back the occurrence of new literature.The qualitative difference between classical and civilized narratives is reflected in time.The former writes unchanging morality with timeless stories,while the latter shows the ancient and modern differences of time in the course of history.Children are a symptom of civilization,and the division between tradition and modernity can be illuminated in cognition.However,the child is only a receptive term because it does not have access to experiences that are both separate and integrated with those of adults in the discourse created by the hierarchy of civilization.This discursive paradox constrains the practice of the new culture to promote"child-orientation",and is the precursor of the assertion that"children's literature is impossible"in Western thought.Writing for children is a manifestation of civilization,and it expanded the boundaries of the theory of civilization and opened up a two-fold discursive space when Chinese children's literature was introduced into history.One is to intervene in the writing of the history of civilization together with the new literature,and the other is to highlight its subjectivity in the integrated writing.The splicing of the two spaces completes the holographic picture of Chinese children's literature and outlines the logic of its inner generation.

关 键 词：文明论 中国儿童文学 发生机制 新时间叙事 文明互鉴 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]