临床与咨询心理学专业人员的发展阶段:基于胜任力视角  

The Developmental Stages of Clinical and Counseling Psychology Professionals:A Competency-based Perspective

作　　者：陈伟 朱旭 吕韵 CHEN Wei;ZHU Xu;LU Yun(Department of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior,Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310058 [2]华中师范大学心理学院,青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,人的发展与心理健康湖北省重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理学通讯》2024年第4期272-281,共10页Psychological Communications

基　　金：浙江大学科研项目(XY2024003)。

摘　　要：根据临床与咨询心理学专业人员成长与发展的要求,清晰界定专业人员在不同阶段的胜任力十分重要。依据各阶段的关键节点,提出专业人员该阶段最低胜任力要求,有助于深化和发展胜任力文化。文章总结国外临床与咨询心理学人员胜任力模型中的发展阶段,分析我国的现状,提出中国临床与咨询心理学专业人员胜任力发展四阶段,即学员阶段、实习阶段、新手阶段和成熟阶段。文章从关键发展节点、知识技能、实践水平、能力表现和不足、来访者特征、督导需求六个维度详细描述了上述四阶段的特征和具体要求,期待未来实践中能根据发展阶段评估临床与咨询心理学受训者和专业人员的胜任力。It is crucial to clearly define the competencies required for professionals at different stages based on the growth and development requirements of clinical and counseling psychology professionals.Based on key milestones associated with these stages,educational programs can establish minimum competency requirements for each stage,which will help deepen and advance the culture of competence in clinical and counseling psychology in China.This article summarizes the developmental stages in counseling psychology competence models proposed by other countries,analyzes the current state of stage classification in China,and proposes a four-stage competency development model for Chinese clinical and counseling psychology professionals:the trainee stage,the internship stage,the novice stage,and the proficient stage.The article outlines the characteristics and specific requirements of each stage across six dimensions:key developmental milestones,knowledge and skills,levels of practice,competency performance and gaps,client characteristics,and supervision needs,with aims to facilitate the assessment of competence in clinical and counseling psychology trainees and professionals according to their developmental stages in future practice.

关 键 词：临床心理学 咨询心理学 学历教育 继续教育 专业胜任力 发展阶段 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]