精密加工中有机单层脆化的切削性能研究  

Study on Cutting Performance of Organic Monolayer Embrittlement in Precision Machining

作　　者：张朝俊 钟佩璇 邓文君[1] Zhang Chaojun;Zhong Peixuan;Deng Wenjun(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州市510641

出　　处：《工具技术》2025年第3期20-25,共6页Tool Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52475454,52075187);广东省自然科学基金(2025A1515012095,2022A1515010995)。

摘　　要：在机加工领域切削韧性金属带来的积屑瘤导致极高的切削力,糟糕的已加工表面质量是长久以来困扰研究者的一大问题。近期一种名为有机单分子层脆化(organic monolayer embrittlement,OME)的现象有望解决这一问题,有机单分子层脆化仅通过涂抹一层有机脆化试剂,在精密加工时即可减小切削力、增大表面质量,在纯铜等延展性金属中表现显著。对纯铜进行微切削实验并探讨切屑形态、切削性能、微观组织变化,研究结果表明,OME将切屑的流动模式从“蜿蜒流动”改变为“分段准周期微裂纹流动”。切削力的降幅高达60.9%,显著改善表面质量,减小因其黏性引起的表面缺陷,并有效减小加工硬化层厚度,为韧性金属精密加工领域带来一种潜在的先进制造技术。OME是一种与有机催化剂的吸附性质和范德华力密切相关的物理现象,吸附的有机脆化试剂在切削过程中阻碍了位错运动,使切屑自由表面发生位错堆积导致局部应力增大,引起材料失效产生微裂纹,从而改变切屑流动模式,提高加工性能。In the field of machining,the challenges posed by the cutting of ductile metals,such as the formation of built-up edge,extremely high cutting forces,and poor machined surface quality,have long been a significant issue for researchers.Recently,a phenomenon called organic monolayer embrittlement(OME)holds promise in addressing this problem.OME,achieved by simply applying a layer of organic embrittling reagent,has been shown to reduce cutting forces and improve surface quality,especially notable in ductile metals like pure copper.Micro-cutting experiments are conducted on pure copper to investigate chip morphology,cutting performance,and microstructural changes induced by OME.The results indicate that OME transforms the chip flow pattern from′sinuous flow′to′segmented quasi-periodic micro fracture flow′.The significant reduction in cutting forces by up to 60.9%substantially improves surface quality,reduces surface defects caused by adhesion,and effectively decreases the thickness of the work hardening layers.This introduces a potential advanced manufacturing technology for precision machining of ductile metals.OME is a physical phenomenon closely associated with the adsorption properties of organic catalytic agents and van der Waals forces.The adsorbed organic embrittling reagent impedes dislocation motion during cutting,leading to the accumulation of dislocations on the free surface of the chip,causing local stress increase,material failure,and the generation of microcracks.Consequently,this alters the chip flow pattern and enhances machining performance.

关 键 词：有机单分子层脆化 切削力 切屑形态 表面质量 微观组织 

分 类 号：TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TH162[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]