省际常住人口规模与义务教育经费协调度的时空演变——基于公平和发展的双重视角  

Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Coordination Degree between Provincial Resident Population Size and Compulsory Education Funds: Based on the Dual Perspective of Equity and Development

作　　者：张荣馨 阚斌斌 ZHANG Rongxin;KAN Binbin

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学经济管理学院,芜湖241002 [2]江苏第二师范学院教育科学学院,南京211200

出　　处：《中国人民大学教育学刊》2025年第1期96-110,共15页Renmin University of China Education Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学青年项目“依据常住人口规模动态配置义务教育财政资源的优化路径研究”(CFA230297)。

摘　　要：常住人口规模与义务教育经费协调是落实“依据常住人口规模配置义务教育资源”政策的基础保障。基于协调发展理念“公平”和“发展”的双重价值导向,常住人口与义务教育经费协调的内涵应为义务教育经费配置与常住人口规模的空间分布相一致,解决义务教育发展不平衡不充分问题;外延应为常住人口规模与义务教育经费协调共同指向区域经济的发展,形成相互促进的三元协调关系,推动共同富裕的实现。基于公平和发展视角分别构建公平协调度模型和发展协调度模型,对省际2011—2020年的面板数据进行实证分析,研究结果表明:公平协调度呈下降趋势,且小学低于初中。其中,人员经费与常住人口的协调度具有“增长-降低”的循环周期性,公用经费与常住人口的协调度以2015年为节点先降后增。发展协调度持续降低,整体处于失调状态,并呈现显著的空间正相关性。China's policy requires the funds of compulsory education(FCE) should be coordinated with the size of resident population(SRP). Under the coordinated development framework, the connotation of coordination between SRP and FCE is that the allocation of FCE should be consistent with spatial distribution of SRP, so as to solve unbalanced and inadequate development of compulsory education. The extension of the connotation is that the coordination points to development of regional economy, thus forming a mutually promoting three-way coordination relationship to realize common prosperity. This paper specified the fairness coordination degree(FCD) model and the development coordination degree(DCD) model, and use provincial panel data from 2011 to 2020 in China to calculate the coordination degree. The results show that: The FCD demonstrates a downward trend, with the degree for primary schools being lower than that for the middle schools. The FCD of personnel expenditure grew and decreased repeatedly, and the FCD of public expenditure decreased before the year of 2015 and increased after it. The DCD has been reducing continuously, showing an incoordination among SRP, FCE and economic development. In addition, the DCD performed a significantly positive spatial correlation.

关 键 词：常住人口 义务教育经费 公平协调度 发展协调度 

分 类 号：G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]