大豆不同生长发育阶段营养品质和代谢物动态变化规律研究  

Study on dynamic changes of nutrient quality and metabolites of soybean at different growth and development stages

作　　者：陈悦 杨怡中 曾凯 施梦迪 刘舒畅 拜尔齐古丽·麦麦提艾力 王成 侯旭杰[2] 战勇[4] 刘峰娟 CHEN Yue;YANG Yizhong;ZENG Kai;SHI Mengdi;LIU Shuchang;BAIERQIGULI Maimaitiaili;WANG Cheng;HOU Xujie;ZHAN Yong;LIU Fengjuan(Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products(Urumqi),Key Laboratory of Functional Nutrition and Health of Characteristic Agricultural Products in Desert Oasis Ecological Region(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Quality Standards&Testing Technology for Agri-products,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;College of Food Science and Engineering,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;College of Food Science and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Crops Research,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,农业农村荒漠绿洲生态特色农产品功能营养与健康重点实验室(部省共建),农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐),新疆农产品质量安全重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [2]塔里木大学食品科学与工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [4]新疆农垦科学院作物研究所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2025年第8期165-178,共14页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：新疆大豆产业技术体系质量安全与营养品质评价岗项目(XJARS-04-04);国家大豆产业技术体系石河子综合试验站项目(CARS-04-CES27);新疆大豆产业技术体系资源研究与育种岗位(XJARS-04-02)项目;新疆大豆产业技术体系石河子综合试验项目(XJARS-04-13);“科技创新团队(自治区天山创新团队)”大豆高产抗逆育种与超高产栽培创新团队项目。

摘　　要：为明确大豆生长发育过程中营养品质和代谢物变化规律,该研究以新大豆8号为试材,探讨了大豆不同生长发育阶段(鼓粒前期、鼓粒中期、鼓粒后期和成熟期)百粒重、灰分含量、脂肪含量、蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量、脂肪酸含量、氨基酸含量、异黄酮含量等品质指标的变化规律;结合非靶向代谢组学技术,对4个生长发育阶段籽粒内部的关键代谢产物进行定性表征,研究其关键代谢产物的积累规律、前期营养品质指标含量变化规律及阶段显著差异代谢物的累积规律。结果表明,随着大豆生长发育的推进,大豆中蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量逐步上升,而百粒重、可溶性糖、脂肪酸和氨基酸含量及异黄酮总含量在鼓粒后期达到峰值,到成熟期时含量均有显著下降。代谢组学结果表明,4个生长发育阶段共鉴定出了1397种代谢物,其中172种为极显著差异代谢物(投影变量重要性值>1.5,P<0.01,|log_(2)(FC)|>0.1)。该研究发现鼓粒前期和成熟期2组间差异代谢物数量最多,通过KEGG通路富集分析,确定了类黄酮生物合成、α-亚麻酸代谢、花生四烯酸代谢、酪氨酸代谢等代谢通路为主要通路,并据此绘制了代谢通路图。这些结果旨在阐明新大豆8号不同生长发育期差异代谢物的动态变化情况,为深入研究新大豆8号品质形成机制提供理论依据。To clarify the patterns of nutrient quality and metabolite changes during the growth and development of soybeans,this study used New soybean No.8 as the material to investigate the variation of quality indicators,including 100-grain weight,ash content,fat content,protein content,soluble sugar content,fatty acid content,amino acid content,and isoflavone content,at different growth stages(pre-filling,mid-filling,late-filling,and maturity).Combined with untargeted metabolomics,the key metabolites in the seeds at the four growth stages were qualitatively characterized,and their accumulation patterns,along with the changes in nutrient quality indicators in the early stages and the accumulation of significantly different metabolites between stages,were studied.Results indicated that as soybean growth progressed,the contents of protein,fat,and ash gradually increased,while 100-grain weight,soluble sugar,fatty acid,amino acid,and total isoflavone contents peaked during the late-filling stage and significantly decreased at maturity.Metabolomic analysis identified 1397 metabolites across the four growth stages,with 172 significantly different metabolites(variable importance in projection>1.5,P<0.01,|log_(2)(FC)|>0.1).The study found that the number of different metabolites was highest between the pre-filling and maturity stages.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified major metabolic pathways,including flavonoid biosynthesis,α-linolenic acid metabolism,arachidonic acid metabolism,and tyrosine metabolism,and a metabolic pathway map was constructed based on these findings.These results provide valuable insights into the dynamic changes of differential metabolites in New soybean No.8 during different growth stages and offer a theoretical basis for further research on the quality formation mechanism of this variety.

关 键 词：不同生长发育阶段 新大豆8号 营养品质 非靶向代谢组学 代谢差异物 代谢通路 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]