基于漂烫预处理的水草压榨脱水规律及处置方式的研究  

Research on the Dehydration law and Treatment of Water Plants Based on Blanching Pretreatment

作　　者：谈正伟 林乃喜[2] TAN Zheng-wei;LIN Nai-xi(College of Civil Engineering and Transportation,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Water Science Research Institute,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学土木与交通学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学水科学研究院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《环境科技》2025年第2期29-34,共6页Environmental Science and Technology

基　　金：江苏省基础研究计划自然科学基金—面上项目(BK20231466).

摘　　要：针对水草直接压榨脱水含水率过高难以直接利用的问题,根据漂烫和压榨条件对压榨脱水规律的影响,提出漂烫+二次压榨的处置方案并通过理论计算对比该方案和传统压榨后烘干方案的能耗,同时考察尾水性质和养分分布。结果表明,70℃以上温度漂烫预处理可显著提升压榨脱水效果,苦草、伊乐藻、水葫芦的含水率分别降至66.82%,64.3%,67.02%,三者体积仅有直接压榨的16%~21%;新方案对比传统烘干方案平均节省能耗81%;漂烫可大幅增加尾水中的养分,其中大部分N仍保留在脱水残渣中,而P和K则较多地流失至尾水中。Aiming at the problem that the water content of water plants directly pressed and dewatered is still too high to be directly utilized,the effects of blanching and pressing conditions on the dehydration law of water plants were investigated based on blanching pretreatment.The new treatment scheme of blanching+secondary pressing was proposed and compared the energy consumption of this scheme with that of traditional pressing and drying through theoretical calculations.The nature of tail water and the distribution of nutrients were also investigated.The results indicated that:blanching pretreatment above 70℃can significantly improve the effect of dehydration,and the moisture content of Vallisneria,Elodea and water hyacinth can be reduced to 66.82%,64.3%and 67.02%at the lowest,the volume is only 16%~21%of that of the direct pressing;the blanching+secondary pressing scheme saves the energy consumption compared to the traditional drying process by 81%on average;blanching will substantially increase the nutrients in the tail water,with most of the N retained in the dewatered residue,while P and K are more distributed in the pressed tail water.

关 键 词：水草 压榨脱水 漂烫 废弃物处理 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]