A typical NLR recognizes a family of structurally conserved effectors to confer plant resistance against adapted and non-adapted Phytophthora pathogens  

作　　者：Xiaohua Dong Xu Lu Hai Zhu Zhengxue Zhu Peiyun Ji Xianglan Li Tianli Li Xiong Zhang Gan Ai Daolong Dou 

机构地区：[1]College of Plant Protection,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,China [2]The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops,The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the PRC,Oil Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan,China

出　　处：《Molecular Plant》2025年第3期485-500,共16页分子植物(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32402315,32230089,32372493 and 32270208);the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-21);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20230984);the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX22_0770).

摘　　要：Plants possess remarkably durable resistance against non-adapted pathogens in nature.However,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood,and it is unclear how the resistance is maintained without coevolution between hosts and non-adapted pathogens.In this study,we used Phytophthora sojae(Ps),a non-adapted pathogen of Nicotiana benthamiana(Nb),as a model and identified an RXLR effector that determines Nb incompatibility to Ps.Knockout of this RXLR effector in Ps enables successful infection of Nb,leading us to name it AvrNb(Avirulence gene in Nb).A systematic screening of Nb NLR genes further revealed that NbPrf,previously reported to be a receptor of bacterial avirulence proteins,is the NLR protein responsible for mediating AvrNb recognition and initiating the hypersensitive response(HR).Mutation in NbPrf makes Nb completely compatible to Ps.We found that AvrNb is structurally conserved among multiple Phytophthora pathogens,and its homologs also induce NbPrf-dependent HR.Remarkably,further inoculation assay showed that NbPrf is also involved in plant immunity to two adapted Phytophthora pathogens,Phytophthora infestans and Phytophthora capsici.Our findings suggest that NbPrf represents a promising resource for breeding resistance to Phytophthora pathogens and implicate that the conserved effectors present in both adapted and non-adapted pathogens may provide sufficient selective pressure to maintain the remarkably durable incompatibility between plants and non-adapted pathogens.

关 键 词：non-adapted pathogen PHYTOPHTHORA EFFECTOR NLR nonhost resistance host jump 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学] S432.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]