阴阳之道与仁义的贯通——《周易·说卦传》仁义说发微  

The Integration of Yin-Yang and Benevolence-Righteousness:An In-Depth Study of the Theory of Benevolence and Righteousness in Shuogua Zhuan of The Book of Changes

作　　者：辛亚民[1] 贾桠钊 Xin Yamin;Jia Yazhao

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院 [2]北京体育大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《国学学刊》2025年第1期12-17,137,共7页Research in the Traditions of Chinese Culture

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国仁学发展史(多卷本)”(项目号:19ZDA024);北京市社科基金规划项目“《周易》卦爻辞疑义研究”(项目号:22ZXB006)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《说卦传》的“三才仁义说”揭示了“性命之理”在天、地、人三才皆有所蕴含和表现,即分别为阴阳、柔刚、仁义,且三者具有内在统一性,由此体现了天人贯通。从《易传》本身考察,阴阳与仁义的对应关系当是仁为阳,义为阴;朱熹的阴阳互摄及体用论的解释没有跳出扬雄一派“仁义刚柔说”的窠臼。《说卦传》以易学特有的理论和形式,将儒家的核心价值仁义借助三才之道及爻位、爻象的形式与天道予以贯通,其理论效力与孟子的“知性知天说”基本相当,但缺乏展开。《说卦传》的“三才仁义说”也是后世宋明理学尤其是“穷理尽性”学说的重要思想渊源之一。The "Theory of Benevolence and Righteousness in the Three Talents" in Shuogua Zhuan reveals that the "principles of human nature and mandate" are contained and manifested in the Three Talents of Heaven,Earth,and Humanity-namely,Yin-Yang,softness-firmness,and benevolence-righteousnessdemonstrating an intrinsic unity that embodies the connection between Heaven and Humanity.Examining Yi Zhuan itself,the corresponding relationship between Yin-Yang and benevolence-righteousness suggests that benevolence corresponds to Yang,while righteousness corresponds to Yin.Zhu Xi's interpretation of the mutual inclusion of Yin-Yang and the theory of substance and function remains within the framework of Yang Xiong's "Theory of Benevolence,Righteousness,Firmness,and Softness.Shuogua Zhuan,through the unique theoretical system and structure of Yi,integrates the core Confucian values of benevolence and righteousness with the Dao of Heaven via the doctrine of the Three Talents,as well as through the forms of line positions and line images.Its theoretical significance is comparable to Mencius' " Theory of Knowing Human Nature and Knowing Heaven, " though it lacks further elaboration.The " Theory of Benevolence and Righteousness in the Three Talents " in Shuogua Zhuan also serves as an important ideological source for later Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism,particularly the doctrine of " investigating principles and exhausting human nature.

关 键 词：《说卦传》 三才 阴阳 仁义 

分 类 号：B221[哲学宗教—中国哲学]