干旱胁迫对中国沙棘叶片解剖结构的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on Leaf Anatomical Structure of Hippophae Rhamnoides ssp.Sinensis Rousi

作　　者：高佩 何旦 马玉花[2] GAO Pei;HE Dan;MA Yuhua(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Science,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2025年第1期23-29,42,共8页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：青海省科技计划项目(2024-ZJ-941);青海省高端创新人才千人计划项目。

摘　　要：通过分析不同程度干旱胁迫下中国沙棘叶片的解剖结构,对干旱胁迫下的沙棘叶片表皮毛形态和组织解剖结构进行观察,旨在探究自然干旱胁迫下沙棘幼苗叶片形态及解剖结构的适应性变化。以青海野生中国沙棘为试验材料,采用自然干燥法控制土壤水分含量,通过扫描电镜观测叶片表皮毛形态,并通过石蜡切片染色分析其叶片解剖结构,来探究沙棘实生苗叶片对自然干旱胁迫的响应。结果表明:沙棘表皮毛有星状毛、星盾毛和盾状毛3种类型,其表皮毛性状随干旱胁迫的加深而不断蜷缩。干旱胁迫强度加深,沙棘叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度、栅海比和组织结构紧密度增大,而海绵组织厚度和组织结构疏松度则减少。沙棘叶片角质层厚度随干旱胁迫强度的加深而增加,沙棘叶片下表皮厚度、气孔面积、气孔密度和表皮毛面积则随干旱胁迫的加深而呈先降低后增加的趋势。复水后除栅海比外,其余各指标均得到不同程度的恢复。综上,干旱胁迫强度与叶片厚度、角质层厚度、上表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度、栅海比、叶片组织结构紧密度呈正相关;与叶片组织结构疏松度、海绵组织厚度呈负相关;干旱胁迫后复水1 d,气孔密度快速恢复,使其表现出更强的形态适应性和自我调节能力。The epidermal hair and tissue anatomical structure of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis leaf under different degrees of drought stress was analysed in order to explore the adaptive changes in leaf morphology and anatomical structure of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis seedlings leaf under natural drought stress.Taking wild Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis from Qinghai as the experimental material,the naturally drying method was used to control the soil moisture content,the epidermal hair morphology of leaf was observed by scanning electron microscope and the anatomical structure of leaf was analyzed by paraffin section staining method to explore the response of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis seedling leaf to natural drought stress.The epidermal hairs of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis leaf can be divided into three types,such as star hair,star peltate hair and peltate hair,and its epidermal hair was continuously curled up with the deepening of drought stress.The leaf and cuticle layer thickness,palisade tissue thickness,ratio of palisade to sponge tissue and tissue structure compactness of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis increased with the deepening intensity of drought stress,while the sponge tissue thickness and looseness of tissue structure decreased.The thickness of epidermis,stomata area,stomata density and lower epidermal hair area of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp.sinensis leaf decreased first and then increased with the deepening intensity of drought stress.Except for the ratio of palisade to sponge tissue,all other indexes have been restored in varying degrees after rehydration.The intensity of drought stress is positively correlated with leaf thickness,cuticle thickness,upper epidermis thickness,palisade tissue thickness,ratio of palisade to sponge tissue and leaf tissue structure compactness,and it is negative correlation with the looseness of leaf tissue structure and the thickness of sponge tissue.The density rapidly recovered after 1 day of rehydration under drought stress,exhibiting stronger mor

关 键 词：中国沙棘 干旱胁迫 解剖结构 扫描电镜 石蜡切片 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]