乡村聚落的空间格局和影响因素——以甘肃白龙江博峪河省级自然保护区为例  

Spatial Patterns and Influencing Factors of Rural Settlements-Taking Gansu Bailongjiang Boyuhe Provincial Nature Reserve as an Example

作　　者：陈艳武 周向军[2] 师燕丽 Chen Yanwu;Zhou Xiangjun;Shi Yanli(Gansu Bailongjiang Boyuhe Provincial Nature Reserve Management and Protection Center,Longnan 746400,Gansu,China;Tianshui Normal University,Tianshui 741001,Gansu,China;Tianshui City Longyou Environment Conservation Association,Tianshui 741001,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃白龙江博峪河省级自然保护区管护中心,甘肃陇南746400 [2]天水师范学院,甘肃天水741001 [3]天水市陇右环境保育协会,甘肃天水741001

出　　处：《绿色科技》2025年第5期1-7,共7页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：2023年省级财政自然保护地建设补助项目(编号:白林规字[2023]30号-2023-1)。

摘　　要：基于Fragstats 4.3景观格局软件,从聚落斑块分布形态、分布规模、空间格局等维度对保护区的聚落进行景观格局指数分析,利用ArcGIS 10.8.2软件分析高程、距道路/水系距离、社会经济等因素对聚落空间分布格局的影响。结果表明:保护区涉及37个行政村,保护区内部聚落斑块主要分布在中寨镇,保护区内部及周边区域的聚落斑块面积分别为105.39 hm^(2)和317.16 hm^(2),平均斑块大小分别为1.88 hm^(2)和0.52 hm^(2),平均斑块形状指数分别为1.35和1.06,平均斑块分维数分别为1.16和1.04,斑块密度分别为0.53个/100 hm^(2)和0.34个/100 hm^(2),欧式最近邻域距离分别为341.86 m和69.09 m。随着高程、距道路/水系距离的增加,聚落斑块数量和密度均呈规律性减少趋势,农耕条件和周边居民点也不同程度地影响聚落斑块的空间分布格局,人口密度较高的聚落斑块主要位于中寨镇的武胜下村、中寨一村、大海村、尖吉村等行政村。Based on Fragstats 4.3 landscape pattern software,the landscape pattern index of the settlements in reserve was analyzed from distribution form,scale,and spatial patterns of settlement patches.The effect on the spatial distribution patterns of settlements elevation,distance from road/water,and socio-economic conditions were investigated by ArcGIS 10.8.2 software.The results showed that the protected area involves 37 administrative villages,and the settlement patches within the protected area are mainly distributed in Zhongzhai town.The settlement patch areas within and around the protected area are 105.39 hm^(2)and 317.16 hm^(2),with average patch sizes of 1.88 hm^(2)and 0.52 hm^(2),average patch shape index of 1.35 and 1.06,average patch fractal dimensions of 1.16 and 1.04,patch densities of 0.53/100 hm^(2)and 0.34/100 hm^(2),and Euclidean nearest neighbor distances of 341.86 m and 69.09 m,respectively.With the increase of elevation,distance from road/water,the number and density of settlement patches show a regular decreasing trend.To some extent the agricultural conditions and surrounding residential areas also affect the spatial distribution patterns of settlement patches.The settlement patches with higher population density are mainly located in Zhongzhai Town including Wushengxia Village,Zhongzhaiyi Village,Dahai Village,and Jianji Village,and so on.

关 键 词：乡村聚落 空间格局 影响因素 自然保护区 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]