基于COMSOL的无人机锂电池热模型建立与仿真  

Thermal Modeling and Simulation of UAV Lithium Battery Based on COMSOL

作　　者：杨宗翰 YANG Zong-han(Dundee International Institution of Central South University,changsha 410075)

机构地区：[1]中南大学邓迪国际学院,长沙410075

出　　处：《环境技术》2025年第3期53-60,共8页Environmental Technology

摘　　要：无人机是破局低空经济规模化高质量发展的关键,而其动力能源系统中的锂电池热安全性研究将越发重要。本文利用COMSOL Multiphysics软件建立了无人机锂电池温度场仿真模型,首先,得到了环境温度20 ℃、充电倍率为1C的初始情况下锂电池表面温度分布。然后,通过改变环境温度(30 ℃和40 ℃)和充电倍率(2C和4C)得到电池整体温度的仿真结果,并与初始仿真结果进行对比,两种情况都会改变锂电池整体温度以及分布位置。最后对比分析镍钴锰酸锂(Nickel Manganese Cobalt,NMC)和锰酸锂(Lithium Manganese Oxide,LMO)两种正极材料的热特性,锂电池的最高温度上升了0.94 ℃,最低温度上升0.938 ℃,证明了LNMC的热特性要优于LMO。研究结果为无人机锂电池的研发以及热管理系统研究提供理论依据。Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)is the key to breaking the low altitude economic scale and high quality development,and the research on the thermal safety of lithium battery in its power energy system will become more and more important.This paper uses COMSOL Multiphysics software to establish the temperature field simulation model of lithium battery for UAV.Firstly,the surface temperature distribution of lithium battery is obtained under the initial condition of environmental temperature 20℃and charging rate 1C.Then,the simulation results of the overall temperature of the battery were obtained by changing the ambient temperature(30℃and 40℃)and the charging rate(2C and 4C).Compared with the initial simulation results,the overall temperature and distribution position of the lithium battery would be changed in both cases.Finally,the thermal characteristics of nickel manganese cobalt(NMC)and lithium manganese oxide(LMO)were compared and analyzed.The maximum temperature of lithium battery increased by 0.94℃,and the minimum temperature increased by 0.938℃,which proved that the thermal characteristics of lnmc was better than LMO.The research results provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of lithium battery and thermal management system for UAV.

关 键 词：锂电池 COMSOL 无人机 电池热模型 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]