营商环境对创业者主观幸福感的影响研究——来自69个国家的经验证据  

The impact of business environment on entrepreneurs'subjective well-being:Empirical evidence from 69 countries

作　　者：于晓宇[1,2,3] 孟晓彤 邸亚芹 YU Xiao-yuu;MENG Xiao-tong;DI Ya-qin(School of Management,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Shanghai Center for Enterprise Innovation and High-quality Development,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Research Center for Digital Innovation and High-quality Development,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;School of Management,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学管理学院,上海200444 [2]上海大学上海企业创新与高质量发展研究中心,上海200444 [3]上海大学数字创新与高质量发展研究中心,上海200444 [4]上海对外经贸大学工商管理学院,上海201620

出　　处：《管理科学学报》2025年第3期34-58,共25页Journal of Management Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72232010,72402125,72091310,72091315);上海市智库青年领军人才专项课题(2024TRC018)。

摘　　要：基于不确定管理理论,本文探讨营商环境是否以及提升哪一类创业者的幸福感.具体地,本文检验了营商环境对机会型和生存型两类创业者主观幸福感的影响及差异.通过匹配全球创业观察、世界银行营商环境报告、世界银行世界发展指数三个数据库,本文构建一个包含69个国家、19577个个体的宏观和微观混合数据,并运用跨层线性回归方法检验研究假设.研究结果表明,营商环境正向影响创业者主观幸福感;机会型创业者的主观幸福感显著高于生存型创业者的主观幸福感;相比于生存型创业者,优化营商环境对机会型创业者主观幸福感积极作用更强.本研究不仅将优化营商环境的功能价值从鼓励创业进入拓展到提升创业者主观幸福感,还进一步揭示优化营商环境会扩大机会型与生存型两类创业者之间主观幸福感的差距研究结论从宏微观结合的视角丰富了创业者幸福感及其影响因素的研究,并对营商环境优化、提升机会型和生存型创业者的幸福感有一定政策启示.Drawing on the uncertainty management theory,this study explores whether the business environment influences entrepreneurs'subjective well-being and how this relationship varies by entrepreneurial type.Specifically,this study examines the effect of business environment on the subjective well-being of opportunity entrepreneurs and necessity entrepreneurs.Using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor,the World Bank's Doing Business Report,and the World Development Index,a multilevel database is constructed,covering 69 countries and 19577 individuals.The model is tested using multilevel linear regression.The results show that the business environment has a positive effect on entrepreneurs'subjective well-being,and the subjective well-being of opportunity entrepreneurs is higher than that of the necessity entrepreneurs.Furthermore,the positive effect of the business environment on subjective well-being is stronger for opportunity entrepreneurs than for necessity entrepreneurs.This study extends the significance of optimizing the business environment from encouraging entrepreneurial entry to enhancing entrepreneurs'subjective well-being.However,it also highlights that such optimization may widen the well-being gap between opportunity and necessity entrepreneurs.These findings contribute to the literature on the antecedents of entrepreneurs'well-being by integrating macro-and micro-level perspectives.This study provides valuable insights for improving the business environment in China to enhance the well-being of both opportunity and necessity entrepreneurs.

关 键 词：营商环境 主观幸福感 机会型创业者 生存型创业者 不确定管理理论 

分 类 号：F279.1[经济管理—企业管理]