科技人员流动、源企业联结与逆向知识溢入  

Inventor mobility,source enterprise linkage and reverse knowledge spill-in

作　　者：杨金玉 彭秋萍 罗勇根 GE Zhenting YANG Jin-yu;PENG Qu-ping;LUO Yong-gena;GE Zhenting(Business School,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Guanghua School of Management,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;College of Economics&Management,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;School of Management,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510320,China;Sloan School of Management,Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge 02139,USA)

机构地区：[1]四川大学商学院,成都610065 [2]北京大学光华管理学院,北京100871 [3]华南农业大学经济管理学院,广州510642 [4]广州大学管理学院,广州510320 [5]麻省理工学院斯隆管理学院,美国剑桥02139

出　　处：《管理科学学报》2025年第3期79-99,共21页Journal of Management Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72002043,72202074,72402149);教育部人文社科基金资助项目(24YJC630266,24YJAZH100);四川省自然科学基金资助项目(2024NSFSC1044);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2024A1515011315);四川省哲学社会科学基金资助项目(SCJJ23ND441).

摘　　要：科技人员流动所伴随的知识溢出效应是双向的,对源企业同样存在逆向知识溢入效应.利用中国上市企业专利发明人流动数据和企业间专利引用数据,本文考察了科技人员流动对源企业知识溢入的影响.研究发现,科技人员流动对源企业具有知识溢入效应,该影响持续1年-2年的窗口期.同时,相较于低绩效科技人员,高绩效科技人员流动对源企业知识溢入效应更为明显;源企业为非国有性质企业或者目标企业为国有性质企业时,科技人员流动对源企业的知识溢入效应更为显著.作用机制检验表明,知识溢入效应主要通过:1)增加源企业与目标企业合作的可能性;2在有向性科技人员流动网络中占据较好的网络位置两种渠道带来影响.异质性检验结果表明,在不同的企业特征中,科技人员流动对源企业的知识溢入效应有所差异.研究从科技人员流动和知识溢入方向性角度丰富了人力资本流动相关研究,也为企业如何借助流失的科技人员来积累社会资本和促进知识溢入以提高企业创新提供了重要的启示。The knowledge spillover effect of inventor mobility is bidirectional,and there is also a knowledge spill-in effect on the source enterprises.Based on a matched dataset of inventors and patent citations from Chinese listed enterprises,this paper investigates the impact of inventor mobility on knowledge spill-in effect.The paper finds that the mobility of inventors has a knowledge spill-in effect on source enterprises,which lasts 1-2 years.Further,the mobility of higher performance inventor has a more obvious effect on the knowledge spillin.The mobility of inventors also has a more significant effect on knowledge spill-in when the source enterprises are non-SOEs or the target enterprises are SOEs.Besides,it is demonstrated that the mobility of inventors takes effect mainly through the following channels:Cooperative R&D between source enterprises and target enterprises,and a favorable network position in the inventors'directed mobility network.Additional analyses suggest that this positive effect varies based on different enterprise characteristics.This paper contributes to the current research on human capital flow from the direction of the inventors'mobility and knowledge spill-in,providing important practical insights for enterprises to accumulate firm social capital and promote knowledge spill-in to improve enterprise innovation.

关 键 词：源企业 科技人员流动 知识溢入 合作研发 有向性网络 

分 类 号：F272.92[经济管理—企业管理]