上皮周微环境改变在口腔潜在恶性疾患恶变中的作用  

Role of periepithelial microenvironment changes in the malignant transformation of oral potential malignant disorders

作　　者：陈滢 楼超 Chen Ying;Lou Chao(Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology,Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine&College of Stomatology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology&Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology,Shanghai 200011,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔颌面头颈肿瘤科,上海交通大学口腔医学院,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,上海市口腔医学重点实验室,上海市口腔医学研究所,上海200011

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2025年第3期287-295,共9页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82403025)。

摘　　要：口腔潜在恶性疾患(OPMDs)是一类具有癌变风险的口腔黏膜病变,其黏膜上皮所处的微环境与OPMDs恶变密切相关。然而上皮周微环境在OPMDs恶变的过程中的改变与起到的作用目前未完全明确,本文在免疫微环境、基质微环境、代谢微环境与口腔微生物几个方面介绍了上皮周微环境改变在OPMDs恶变中的作用。在免疫微环境中,上皮周免疫细胞的免疫监视能力减弱,部分细胞与恶变细胞发生相互作用,形成免疫抑制微环境;基质中的细胞通过分泌细胞因子、营养支持等方式,结合细胞外基质降解、局部血管形成共同促进OPMDs恶变;上皮细胞在恶变的过程中发生代谢重编程,同时形成的缺氧微环境能够进一步促进上皮细胞的恶性转化;口腔微生物通过诱导炎症反应、形成低氧环境等促进OPMDs恶变。Oral potential malignant disorders(OPMDs)are a group of oral mucosal lesions with a risk of cancer transformation.The microenvironment surrounding the epithelial tissue is closely related to the malignant transformation of OPMDs.However,the changes and role of the periepithelial microenvironment during the malignant progression of OPMDs are not yet fully understood.This review discuss the impact of changes in the periepithelial microenvironment on the malignant transformation of OPMDs from following aspects:the immune microenvironment,stromal microenvironment,metabolic microenvironment,and oral microorganism.In the immune microenvironment,the immune surveillance capacity of periepithelial immune cells weakens,and some of these cells interact with malignant cells,resulting in an immunosuppressive microenvironment.Cells in the matrix promote the malignant transformation of OPMDs through the secretion of cytokines and nutritional support,along with extracellular matrix degradation and local angiogenesis.Epithelial cells undergo metabolic reprogramming during malignant transformation,while the resulting hypoxic microenvironment can further promote the malignant transition of epithelial cells.Oral microorganism fosters the malignant transformation of OPMDs by inducing inflammatory responses and creating hypoxic conditions.

关 键 词：口腔黏膜 细胞微环境 口腔黏膜潜在恶性病变 口腔癌 癌症免疫 

分 类 号：R781.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]