养老机构老年人认知功能与能力相关性分析  

Correlation between cognitive impairment and ability of the elderly in nursing institution

作　　者：赖书苑 于淑萍[1] 严丽荣[1] 桂祈亮 陈凤 LAI Shuyuan;YU Shuping;YAN Lirong;GUI Qiliang;CHEN Feng(Department of Geriatrics,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212000,China;Beijing HeKang Brain Science Research Company Limited,Beijing 100005,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学附属医院老年医学科,江苏省镇江市212000 [2]北京阖康脑科学研究有限公司,北京市100005

出　　处：《实用老年医学》2025年第4期377-381,共5页Practical Geriatrics

基　　金：镇江市软科学研究计划项目(M2023-7);江苏省妇幼健康研究会2020年度委托研究课题(JSFY202004);江苏省卫健委老年健康科研项目(LKM2023050);江苏省卫健委老年健康科研项目(LKZ2022012,LSD2022036)。

摘　　要：目的调查养老机构老年人的认知功能和能力,分析两者的相关性。方法研究共计纳入2023年4—6月在镇江市养老机构居住的593名老年人。采用MMSE评估认知功能,采用老年人能力评估表(GB/T42195-2022)评估老年人能力。比较不同程度认知功能障碍老年人间的能力状况。采用Spearman检验分析认知功能与老年人能力的相关性。结果593名老年人的MMSE量表平均得分为(14.69±10.44)分,MMSE得分≤24分者452例(76.2%)。老年人能力评估合计平均得分为(50.30±27.28)分,其中能力完好老年人仅17例(2.9%)。轻度认知功能障碍组与正常认知功能组的老年人能力差异没有统计学意义,重度认知功能障碍组和中度认知功能障碍组老年人能力较轻度认知功能障碍组与正常认知功能组显著下降。认知功能和老年人能力之间呈正相关性(r=0.724,P<0.001)。结论养老机构老年人认知功能障碍问题突出,当老年人存在认知功能障碍,特别是重度认知功能障碍时,老年人能力下降明显。Objective To investigate the cognitive function and the ability of the elderly in nursing institutions,and to analyze the correlation between cognitive function and ability.Methods A total of 593 elderly people living in nursing institution were enrolled in this study.The cognitive function was evaluated with Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),and the ability of the elderly was assessed using the elderly Ability Assessment Scale(GB/T42195-2022).The ability of the elderly with different severity degrees of cognitive impairment were compared.Spearman correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between cognitive function and ability.Results The average score of MMSE was 14.69±10.44.There were 452 cases(76.2%)with MMSE score≤24.The total average score of ability assessment in the elderly was 50.30±27.28,and only 17 cases(2.9%)presented with good ability.There was no significant difference in the ability between mild cognitive impairment group and normal cognitive function group,while the ability in severe cognitive impairment group and moderate cognitive impairment group was significantly lower than that in the other groups.There was a positive correlation between ability and cognitive function(r=0.724,P<0.01).Conclusions The cognitive impairment of the elderly in nursing institution is prominent.When the elderly have cognitive impairment,especially severe cognitive dysfunction,the ability of the elderly decreases significantly.

关 键 词：认知功能障碍 老年人能力评估 养老机构 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]