阿尔茨海默病性别差异机制研究进展  

Advances of the mechanisms of gender differences in Alzheimer’s disease

作　　者：林小琦 赵新静[2] 吴亚双 赵薇 陈琛 高天语 周国钰[1] LIN Xiaoqi;ZHAO Xinjing;WU Yashuang;ZHAO Wei;CHEN Chen;GAO Tianyu;ZHOU Guoyu(Department of Neurology,Qilu Hospital of Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China;Department of Geriatric Medicine,Qilu Hospital of Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学齐鲁医院神经内科,山东省济南市250012 [2]山东大学齐鲁医院老年医学科,山东省济南市250012

出　　处：《实用老年医学》2025年第4期420-425,共6页Practical Geriatrics

基　　金：中国原创药物研究基金项目(6010120030);中国卒中学会脑血管病全程管理项目启航基金资助项目(第八期)。

摘　　要：AD是一种神经退行性疾病,在流行病学、临床症状、神经影像、标志物等方面均显示存在性别差异,然而造成这种差异的潜在机制尚不明确。目前,已有研究表明染色体、性激素、载脂蛋白E、炎症免疫及血管疾病等相关因素可能参与了AD易感性的性别差异机制,但尚需更多研究证据支持,以便靶向新的干预靶点,推动AD的精准诊疗。Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disorder that exhibits gender differences in epidemiology,clinical symptoms,neuroimaging and biomarkers.The underlying mechanisms contributing to these differences remain unclear.Current research suggests that sex chromosomes,sex hormones,apolipoprotein E,inflammatory and immune factors,and vascular disease-related factors may be involved in the gender-specific mechanisms of AD susceptibility.However,more research evidence is needed to support these findings and to identify new intervention targets,thereby promoting precision diagnosis and treatment for AD.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 性别差异 性染色体 性激素 载脂蛋白E 免疫炎症 血管疾病 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]