跨国流动与族群边界:越南岱族“求花”仪式的音乐民族志考察  

Transnational Mobility and Ethnic Boundaries:An Ethnomusicological Study on the“Qiuhua”Ritual of the Tay People in Vietnam

作　　者：凌晨 LING Chen(Music College,Guangxi Arts University,Nanning,Guangxi 530022,China)

机构地区：[1]广西艺术学院音乐学院,广西南宁530022

出　　处：《贵州大学学报(艺术版)》2025年第2期88-97,共10页Journal of Guizhou University Art Edition

基　　金：2021年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“‘一带一路’背景下中越跨界壮—岱/侬族群仪式音乐表演民族志研究”(项目编号:21YJC760044);2024年广西哲学社会科学研究年度课题“中华文明视阈下广西少数民族芦笙制作技艺的交融共生研究”(项目编号:24YSF015)。

摘　　要：岱族和侬族是越南人口数量较多的两个少数民族,与中国壮族是同源跨界族群。“歌路”作为越南岱族“乜末”仪式歌唱与身体表演的时间性过程建构,是族群信仰认知观念和共享音声记忆的核心体现。在越南岱族“求花”仪式中,中越“乜末”通过仪式歌唱表述着“国家边界”与“族群边界”的认知观念,可以看出现代国家边界概念的形成对于族群成员的国家认同与内心归属有着直接影响。中越壮—岱/侬族群“乜末”仪式音乐相似的深层结构和双边共享的仪式音声,是整个族群区别于周围“他者”族群的内在文化符号,而中越“乜末”在仪式歌路、歌唱曲调与表演行为的具体差异,也是双边族群成员建构族群内部边界、判定自我国别归属和建构“我者”族群认同的重要依据。Tay and Nung ethnic groups are two of the larger minority populations in Vietnam,akin to the Zhuang ethnic group in China.“Gelu”as a construction of temporal process through the singing and physical performance in the ritual of“meh moed”(a transliteration of the traditional folk belief in the vernacular of Zhuang ethnic group)among Tay people in Vietnam,embodies the core of ethnic beliefs,cognitive concepts and shared auditory memories.The“meh moed”sung in the ritual of“Qiuhua”of Tay people in Vietnam expresses the cognitive concepts of“national border”and“ethnic boundary”,revealing the modern conceptualization of national boundary has a direct impact on the national identity and inner belonging of ethnic group members.Besides,the similar deep structures and bilaterally shared ritual music of the“meh moed”between the Zhuang ethnic group in China and Tay and Nung ethnic groups in Vietnam are intrinsic cultural symbols that distinguish the entire ethnic group from the surrounding“Others”;meanwhile,the specific differences in the singing forms,melodies and performance behaviors of the“meh moed”in China and Vietnam also serve as important indicators for them to construct their internal boundary within the ethnic group,determine their own national identity and establish an ethnic identity as“We”.

关 键 词：区域国别音乐 越南岱族 求花仪式 族群边界 海外音乐民族志 

分 类 号：J607[艺术—音乐]