ETB模型下本科生创新型创业的创新偏好与差异化分析——基于国内本科生创业大数据的实证研究  

Innovation Preferences and Differentiation Analysis of Undergraduate Innovative Entrepreneurship under the ETB Model—An Empirical Study Based on Big Data of Undergraduate Entrepreneurship in China

作　　者：曾宪枢 ZENG XIANSHU(Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou Fujian 362100,China;Cloud Computing Internet of Things E-commerce Intelligence,Fujian Province University Engineering Research Center,Quanzhou Fujian 362100,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州师范学院,福建泉州362100 [2]云计算物联网电子商务智能福建省高校工程研究中心,福建泉州362100

出　　处：《西安电子科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期19-34,共16页Journal of Xidian University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：福建省中青年教师教育科研项目科技类(JAT220277);2019年度泉州师范学院以马克思主义为指导的哲学社会科学学科基础理论研究项目(2019MSK02);基于智能大数据分析的闽台合作教育评价改革研究.省十四五教育科学规划项目(FJJKBK23-142)。

摘　　要：创新型创业是新质生产力与生产要素优化组合的重要方式,本科生作为创业主体,其创新偏好与差异性是直接关系到新质生产力发展。研究基于ETB模型、2021-2023年中国22个省、4个直辖市、1个特别行政区和5个自治区7321份数据,以多重响应、多线组合、时间序列、方差分析、垂直线图等分析法,对本科生创办的创新型企业其创新偏好、地区创新偏好、地区创新偏好与高校“双创”教育关系、地区创新类型与利润关系进行分析,发现:(1)创新偏好在创业实践中依次表现为:产品创新>服务创新>盈利模型创新,且混合创新已成为当前本科生的选择;(2)产品创新具有较高的认可度,具有较强的应用性,社会需求量较高,且鼓励产品创新的高校在一定程度上“双创”教育效果较好;(3)近年整体利润呈下降状态,2022年上半年利润最低,且利润下降的企业多于利润上升的企业,在企业利润下降速度与利润上升的速度之差上,服务创新>盈利模式创新>产品创新;(4)地区对利润满意度没有显著影响,创新类型对利润满意度有显著影响。创新的利润满意度表现为:三种创新组合>产品创新>产品创新与服务创新组合>服务创新与盈利模式创新组合>服务创新与盈利模式创新组合>盈利模式创新>服务创新,服务创新与盈利模式创新组合、盈利模式创新这两种创新类型的利润满意度较为相近;(5)在东北三省,组合创新具有较强适应性,但独立创新类型不宜。在东部京津翼地区;产品创新具有较高兼容性,且与其他类型组合都不会大幅度影响利润。在东部长三角地区,产品创新有较高的适应性,但不宜与其他创新类型形成双创组合。在中部地区的北部省份,产品创新具有较强的适应性,但服务与盈利模式的交叉创新组合不宜。在中部偏南部分地区,服务与盈利模式交叉创新有较高的适应性,但产品与盈利模�Innovative entrepreneurship is an important means of optimizing the combination of new-quality productive forces and production factors.As the main body of entrepreneurship,the innovation preferences and differences of undergraduate students are directly related to the development of new-quality productive forces.Based on the ETB model and data from 7,321 responses in 22 provinces,4 municipalities directly under the central government,1 special administrative region,and 5 autonomous regions in China(from 2021 to 2023),this study analyzes the innovation preferences,regional innovation preferences,the relationship between regional innovation preferences and"Double Innovation"education in universities,and the connection between regional innovation types and profits for innovative enterprises founded by undergraduates.The study employs methods such as multiple responses,multi-line combinations,time series,variance analysis,and vertical line graphs.The results reveal the following:(1)Innovation preferences in entrepreneurial practice are ranked as follows:product innovation>service innovation>profit model innovation.Additionally,mixed innovation has become the preferred choice for undergraduates;(2)Product innovation has a high degree of recognition,strong applicability,and high social demand.Universities that encourage product innovation tend to have better outcomes in"Double Innovation"education;(3)In recent years,overall profits have been declining,with the lowest profits observed in the first half of 2022.More companies experienced a decline in profits than an increase.In terms of the difference between the rate of profit decline and increase,service innovation>profit model innovation>product innovation;(4)Regional factors do not significantly affect profit satisfaction,while the type of innovation has a significant impact on it.The profit satisfaction of various innovation types is ranked as follows:three types of innovation combinations>product innovation>product-service innovation combination>service-profit mod

关 键 词：ETB模型 本科生 创新型创业 偏好 差异 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济]