从《齐物论》看庄子的平等观  

On Zhuangzi’s View of Equality from Qi Wu Lun(On the Equality of Things)

作　　者：巫小玲 张遵攀 Wu Xiaoling;Zhang Zunpan(Nanchang Normal College of Applied Technology,Jiujiang 332020)

机构地区：[1]南昌应用技术师范学院,九江332020

出　　处：《西部学刊》2025年第7期63-66,共4页Journal of Western

摘　　要：庄子的《齐物论》体现了一种独特的平等观。首先,《齐物论》从批判各家各派学说出发,揭示出“成心是非”是对平等的破坏,主张抛弃是非观念,用平等的视角看待事物。其次,《齐物论》提出了“彼是同一”的见解,将万物视为一物,从根本上消解了是非之争,赋予万物平等的地位。再次,《齐物论》强调万物的差异,通过“人同万类比”的种种例子,揭示出尊重事物的差异也是平等的题中之义。因此,“万物齐一”是在差异之上的同一,在同一中亦有差异。最后,在《齐物论》中庄子认为平等的最理想状态是和谐。《齐物论》第一篇中的“吾丧我”与第七篇中的“庄周梦蝶”就是这种理想的和谐状态——“吾丧我”即消除了我与自己的对抗,是我与自己的和谐;“庄周梦蝶”就是消除了我与外物(自然)的对抗,是我与自然的和谐。庄子的平等观不仅探讨了人与人的关系,还探讨了人与自然的关系,这与现代社会探讨的平等观念不谋而合,对于当下社会仍然有着十分重要的启发与借鉴意义。Zhuangzi’s Qi Wu Lun embodies a unique view of equality.Firstly,starting from the critique of the doctrines of various schools,Qi Wu Lun reveals that“chengxin shifei(subjective right and wrong)”undermines equality,and advocates discarding the concept of right and wrong and looking at things from an equal perspective.Secondly,it puts forward the idea of“bi shi tongyi(the identity of the other and the self)”,regarding all things as one entity,fundamentally resolving the disputes over right and wrong and endowing all things with an equal status.Thirdly,it emphasizes the differences among all things.Through various examples of“ren tong wanlei bi(comparing humans with all things)”,it reveals that respecting the differences of things is also an essential part of equality.Therefore,“the unity of all things”means unity above differences,and there are differences within unity.Finally,in Qi Wu Lun,Zhuangzi believes that the most ideal state of equality is harmony.“Wu sang wo(I lost myself)”in the first chapter and“Zhuang Zhou mengdie(Zhuang Zhou’s Dream of the butterfly)”in the seventh chapter in Qi Wu Lun represent this ideal harmonious state.“Wu sang wo”means eliminating the confrontation between me and myself,which is the harmony between me and myself.“Zhuang Zhou mengdie”means eliminating the confrontation between myself and external things(nature),which is the harmony between myself and nature.Zhuangzi’s view of equality not only explores the relationship between people,but also the relationship between humans and nature,which coincides with the concept of equality discussed in modern society,and still has great inspiration and reference significance for contemporary society.

关 键 词：庄子 《齐物论》 平等观 和谐 

分 类 号：B223.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]