安徽省高中生隐性饥饿风险预测及影响因素分析  

Predicting Hidden Hunger Risks and Analyzing Influencing Factors among High School Students in Anhui Province

作　　者：汪珉骜 曹华科 张宁 张宇辰 时宇航 裴阳 王静[3] WANG Min-ao;CAO Hua-ke;ZHANG Ning;ZHANG Yu-chen;SHI Yu-hang;PEI Yang;WANG Jing(First School of Clinical Medicine,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第一临床医学院,安徽合肥233032 [2]安徽医科大学第二临床医学院,安徽合肥230022 [3]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,安徽合肥233032

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2025年第3期200-206,共7页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划(S202110366047);安徽医科大学2022年度校级质量工程项目(2022xjjxtd01);安徽医科大学卫生政策研究中心开放项目基金资助(2022wszc14)。

摘　　要：目的预测安徽省高中生隐性饥饿风险并分析其影响因素,为政府、社会和学校对高中生及其家庭开展营养知识教育,帮助其改善膳食结构提供理论依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法,于2020年9—12月期间抽取安徽省11个地级市共9336名高中生进行调查。调查采用课题组自主编制的量表,由人口学信息调查表、隐性饥饿风险影响因素问卷以及高中生隐性饥饿风险评估量表3部分组成。采用t检验、单因素方差分析以及多元逐步线性回归法分析高中生隐性饥饿风险的影响因素。结果回收有效问卷9038份,隐性饥饿风险平均得分为(34.72±9.135)分,处于较低水平。多元线性回归分析结果显示,“出现不规律饮食的频率”(β=-0.106)、“年级”(β=-0.073)、“存在挑食、偏食现象”(β=-0.034)、“食用油炸食品的频率”(β=-0.024)4个变量与隐性饥饿风险总分呈负相关,“进食水果的频率”(β=0.305)、“对三餐饭菜的满意程度”(β=0.169)、“一日三餐中注重饮食的营养均衡”(β=0.113)、“母亲文化程度”(β=0.064)、“运动出汗后有意识的补充微量营养素”(β=0.071)、“知道人体必需的营养素”(β=0.062)、“每天的日晒时间”(β=0.060)、“进食粗粮的频率”(β=0.088)、“每月花费在饮食上的大致费用”(β=0.065)、“每周的运动时长”(β=0.055)、“知道隐性饥饿与慢性疾病的关系”(β=0.040)、“生源地为城市”(β=0.043)、“男性”(β=0.031)、“父亲文化程度”(β=0.044)、“独生子女”(β=0.032)、“了解隐性饥饿”(β=0.032)、“发现自己处于隐性饥饿时的态度”(β=0.024)共17个变量与隐性饥饿风险得分呈正相关。结论安徽省高中生整体存在较高的隐性饥饿风险,营养认知、生活习惯和饮食行为是影响隐性饥饿风险得分的三大因素。Objective To predict the risk and influencing factors of hidden hunger among high school students and analyze its influencing factors in Anhui Province,and to provide theoretical support for the government,society and schools to carry out nutrition knowledge education and help improve the dietary structure for high school students and their families.Methods By using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method,a total of 9336 high school students from 11prefecture-level cities in Anhui Province were surveyed from September to December 2020.The survey used the scale independently compiled by our research group,which consisted of three parts:demographic information questionnaire,hidden hunger influencing factors questionnaire,the questionnaire on factors influencing the risk of hidden hunger and hidden hunger assessment scale for high school students(HHAS-HSS).The t-test,one-way ANOVA and multiple stepwise linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of hidden hunger risk in high school students.Results A total of 9038valid questionnaires were collected,and the mean score of hidden hunger risk was(34.72±9.135),which was at a low level.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that four variables included"frequency of irregular diets"(β=-0.106),"grade"(β=-0.073),"presence of picky and partial eating"(β=-0.034),"frequency of consumption of fried foods"(β=-0.024)were negatively correlated with the total hidden hunger risk score.A total of 17 variables included"frequency of eating fruits"(β=0.305),"satisfaction with three meals"(β=0.169)."focus on a nutritionally balanced diet in three meals a day"(β=0.113),"mother's level of education"(β=0.064),"conscious micronutrient supplementation after exercising and sweating"(β=0.071),"knowing the essential nutrients"(β=0.062),"time of sun exposure per day"(β=0.060),"frequency of eating roughage"(β=0.088),"approximate amount spent on diet per month"(β=0.065),"hours of exercise per week"(β=0.055),"knowledge of the relation

关 键 词：隐性饥饿 安徽省 高中生 微量营养元素 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]