运动对青少年肝脏功能及大小的影响  

Effect of exercise on the function and size of the liver in adolescents

作　　者：张沥元 郭晓湲 杜函泽 陈适 班博[2] 张梅[2] 潘慧 ZHANG Liyuan;GUO Xiaoyuan;DU Hanze;CHEN Shi;BAN Bo;ZHANG Mei;PAN Hui(Department of Endocrinology,Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,CAMS&PUMC,Beijing 100730;Department of Endocrinology,Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University,Jining 272000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,北京协和医院内分泌科,国家卫生健康委员会内分泌重点实验室,北京100730 [2]济宁医学院附属医院内分泌科,山东济宁272000

出　　处：《基础医学与临床》2025年第4期517-521,共5页Basic and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“主动健康和人口老龄化科技应对”重点专项(2022YFC3600203,2022YFC3600202);中央高水平医院临床科研专项青年项目(2022-PUMCH-A-154)。

摘　　要：目的评价运动对青少年肝脏功能及大小的影响。方法选取山东省济宁地区共计361名青少年受试者,按照运动频率不同分为低、中、高强度运动组,通过体检测试包括形态学指标、血液生化指标和肝脏大小以及是否患非酒精性脂肪肝。采用SPSS 26.0进行独立样本t检验和方差分析,相关因素分析采用斯皮尔曼相关性分析及多因素线性回归分析。结果高强度运动组与中、低运动强度组相比:舒张压及胰岛素抵抗指数、三酰甘油(TG)均显著降低,身高、肝右叶最大斜径及直接胆红素(DBIL)显著升高。相关因素分析结果显示随着运动强度增加,天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶/丙氨酸氨基转移酶、DBIL及肝右叶最大斜径明显增加(P<0.05)。运动类型与运动强度的叠加效应结果表明运动类型不影响运动强度对肝脏功能和大小的作用。结论青少年定期运动不仅可以改善身体形态和糖脂代谢,随着运动强度增加,还可以使肝功能生理性升高。Objective To evaluate the effects of physical exercise on liver function and size in adolescents.Methods A total of 361 adolescent subjects from Jining,Shandong Province were selected and divided into low,moderate,and high-intensity exercise groups according to the frequency of moderate intensity exercise.Physical examination tests were conducted including morphological indicators,blood biochemical indicator measurements,liver size and the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Independent sample t-tests and variance analysis were performed using SPSS 26.0,and correlation analysis was conducted using Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis.Results Compared with the moderate and low-intensity exercise groups,the high-intensity exercise group had significantly lower diastolic blood pressure,homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),and triglycerides(TG),as well as significantly higher height,maximum oblique diameter of the right liver lobe,and direct bilirubin(DBIL).Correlation analysis showed that as exercise intensity increased,aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase,DBIL,and the maximum oblique diameter of the right liver lobe increased significantly(P<0.05).The results of the cumulative effect of exercise type and intensity indicate that exercise type does not influence the effect of exercise intensity on liver function and size.Conclusions Regular exercise in adolescents can not only shape body,but also improve glucose and lipid metabolism and enhance liver function.

关 键 词：运动 青少年 肝脏功能 肝右叶最大斜径 

分 类 号：R873[医药卫生—运动医学]