基于生物电阻抗技术的四川部分地区中老年人群身体成分特征分析  

Analysis of body composition characteristics of middle-aged and elderly people in some areas of Sichuan based on bioelectrical impedance technology

作　　者：蒲芳芳 何睿 廖欣怡 李晶晶[1] 徐淼 石磊[1] 柳园[1] 胡雯[1] PU Fang-fang;HE Rui;LIAO Xin-yi;LI Jing-jing;XU Miao;SHI Lei;LIU Yuan;HU Wen(Department of Clinical Nutrition,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院临床营养科,四川成都610041 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院营养与食品卫生学系

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第5期900-904,921,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国自然科学基金青年基金(82204029);中国食品科学技术学会食品科技基金(2021-M03);四川大学华西医院学科卓越发展1·3·5工程临床研究基金(2024HXFH017)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨四川部分地区中老年人群身体成分分布特征及营养现况。方法 本研究选取2020-2021年四川省绵竹市、成都市龙泉驿区和郫都区参与“四川大学华西医院自然人群队列”的45~79岁人群作为研究对象。通过生物电阻抗法检测其身体成分,分析该人群的身体成分特征以及超重肥胖现状。结果 脂肪相关指标如内脏脂肪面积、体脂率(body fat percentage, BFP)等与年龄呈正相关关系且女性明显高于男性(P均<0.001),肌肉相关指标如去脂体重、骨骼肌质量指数等与年龄呈负相关关系且男性均高于女性(P均<0.001)。按照BMI判定男性超重和肥胖率分别为44.32%和13.05%,女性超重和肥胖率分别为39.45%和12.84%。按照BFP判定男性超重和肥胖率分别为16.50%和70.95%,女性超重和肥胖率分别为20.87%和63%。中老年人群隐性肥胖患病率为17.29%。人群共检出7种肌肉脂肪分型,其中体重和(或)体脂超标合并肌肉减少的分型男性为25.06%,女性为20.81%,且均随年龄增长而升高。结论 四川部分地区中老年人体脂型肥胖占比过高。未来需综合BMI、体脂和肌肉变化三部分来识别中老年人肥胖的发生,进而实现早期预防。Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of body composition and the current nutritional status of middle-aged and elderly people in some areas of Sichuan.Methods In this study,people aged 45 to 79 years who participated in the“Natural Population Cohort of West China Hospital,Sichuan University”in Mianzhu city,Longquanyi District and Pixian District of Chengdu city,Sichuan Province from 2020 to 2021 were selected as the research subjects.The body composition was detected by bioelectrical impedance method,and the body composition characteristics and the current situation of overweight and obesity in this population were analyzed.Results Fat-related indicators such as visceral fat area and body fat percentage(BFP)were positively correlated with age,and the values in women were significantly higher than those in men(all P<0.001).Muscle-related indicators such as fat-free mass and skeletal muscle mass index was negatively correlated with age,and the values in men were higher than those in women(all P<0.001).According to BMI,the overweight and obesity rates in men were 44.32%and 13.05%respectively;the overweight and obesity rates in women were 39.45%and 12.84%respectively.According to BFP,the overweight and obesity rates in men were 16.50%and 70.95%respectively;the overweight and obesity rates in women were 20.87%and 63%respectively.The prevalence of hidden obesity in middle-aged and elderly people was 17.29%.A total of 7 muscle-fat types were detected in the population.Among them,the type of overweight and/or excessive body fat combined with sarcopenia accounted for 25.06%in men and 20.81%in women,and both increased with age.Conclusion The proportion of body-fat-type obesity in middle-aged and elderly people in some areas of Sichuan is too high.In the future,it is necessary to comprehensively consider the three aspects of BMI,body fat and muscle changes to identify the occurrence of obesity in middle-aged and elderly people,so as to achieve early prevention.

关 键 词：身体成分 中老年人 多频生物电阻抗技术 肥胖 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]