水稻胚乳淀粉合成相关蛋白的翻译后修饰研究进展  

Research Progress on Post-translational Modifications of Starch Biosynthesis-related Proteins in Rice Endosperm

作　　者：李新宇 谷月 徐非非 包劲松[1,2] Xinyu Li;Yue Gu;Feifei Xu;Jinsong Bao(Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Hainan Institute,Zhejiang University,Sanya 572025,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院原子核农业科学研究所,杭州310058 [2]浙江大学海南研究院,三亚572025

出　　处：《植物学报》2025年第2期256-270,共15页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.32201817,No.31871531);海南省自然科学基金(No.323MS066)。

摘　　要：蛋白质翻译后修饰(PTMs)是调控蛋白质生物学功能的重要机制,在水稻(Oryza sativa)种子发育和胚乳淀粉生物合成中起重要作用。随着蛋白质组学的发展,已在水稻胚乳中鉴定到大量淀粉合成相关酶(SSREs)发生蛋白质PTMs。该文总结了水稻胚乳SSREs的磷酸化、赖氨酸乙酰化、琥珀酰化、2-羟基异丁酰化、丙二酰化及泛素化6种PTMs的蛋白质组学分析、修饰位点和途径及生物学功能。其中,蛋白质磷酸化修饰的研究最多,其在调节植物生长发育和淀粉合成代谢过程中起关键作用。此外,还讨论了PTMs对籽粒灌浆、稻米淀粉品质及外观的潜在作用。该文综述了PTMs在水稻胚乳淀粉合成相关蛋白中的调控机制,为培育高产优质水稻品种提供了有价值的参考。Protein post-translational modifications(PTMs)serve as a crucial regulatory mechanism of protein function and play a significant role in rice seed development and endosperm starch biosynthesis.With advancements in proteomics technologies,numerous starch synthesis-related proteins in rice endosperm have been identified to undergo various PTMs.This review summarizes the proteomic analyses,modification sites,pathways,and biological functions of six major types of PTMs in starch synthesis-related proteins in rice endosperm:phosphorylation,lysine acetylation,succinylation,2-hydroxyisobutyrylation,malonylation,and ubiquitination.Among these,protein phosphorylation has been the most extensively studied and is recognized as a key regulator of plant growth,development,and starch metabolism.Additionally,we discuss the potential roles of PTMs in grain filling,rice starch quality,and appearance.This review provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms of PTMs in starch synthesis-related proteins in rice endosperm,offering a valuable reference for breeding high-yield and high-quality rice varieties.

关 键 词：水稻 淀粉 生物合成 翻译后修饰 蛋白质组 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]